卫星定位导航系统在地震应急救援中的应用  

GPS Application in Earthquake Emergency Response and Rescue Mission

作　　者：曲国胜[1] 赖俊彦[1] 宁宝坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2007年第4期409-416,共8页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：巴基斯坦地震救援专项;科技部科技支撑项目(2006BAC13B03-06)

摘　　要：在对地震灾害特点综合分析的基础上,分析了地震应急响应与救援决策中的关键性问题。认为震害的规模、程度、空间分布和灾情发展趋势,以及快速获取灾情信息已成为整个地震应急响应和救援决策的关键;而对灾情空间分布及其不同灾情程度位置的确定是救援决策的先导与重要环节。卫星定位导航技术在地震应急搜救的信息快速获取、应急响应、救援决策、指挥、搜索与营救等救援行动的整个过程中,都将发挥其强大的功能。建议研发中国北斗灾害应急救援导航与指挥决策系统,包括地震灾情快速获取、快速判定和决策定位导航技术系统、地震救援指挥调度技术系统和应急救援物流定位导航技术系统建设;研发北斗灾害应急救援导航装备,包括自主定位导航幸存者搜索和营救设备研发和国内外巨灾救援专用定位与导航系统研发。Based on features of earthquake disasters, this paper proposes following key points of earthquake emergency response and relief mission decision-making： disaster scale, grades, distribution, tendency and collecting information rapidly. Moreover, making clear about disaster spatial distribution and extent ＆ location are priority and significant issues in decision-making. GPS technology will play an important role in disaster information collection, emergency responses, decision-making, commanding, search and rescue action. To research and establish Beidou disaster emergency rescue navigation and decision-making system has also been suggested in this paper.

关 键 词：地震灾害 应急救援 卫星定位导航 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学] TN967.1[天文地球—固体地球物理学]