功能材料二氧化钛光催化反应活性的研究  

Study on photocatalytic reaction activity of TiO_2 function material

作　　者：朱良俊[1] 崔玉民[1] 

机构地区：[1]阜阳师范学院化学系,安徽阜阳236041

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2007年第6期876-880,共5页Materials Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(050450301)

摘　　要：TiO2是一种高效节能的光催化功能材料,本文分析了TiO2光催化技术研究现状,探讨了光催化反应机制,并详细讨论了影响TiO2光催化反应活性的主要因素:(1)一般而言,锐钛矿型TiO2的光催化活性高于金红石型TiO2;(2)晶粒尺寸小,光生电子和空穴从TiO2体内扩散到表面的时间短,它们在TiO2体内的复合几率减小,光催化活性高;(3)金属离子掺入TiO2晶格中可能引起晶格位置缺陷或改变结晶度,抑制电子与空穴的复合,延长载流子的寿命,从而使光催化性能得以改善;(4)贵金属沉积可提高催化剂表面光生载流子的分离效率,有利于生成更多的.OH;(5)半导体耦合可提高系统的电荷分离效果,扩展对光谱吸收范围.Nano - TiO2 is a kind of the functional material with high efficiency and economizing energy for the photocatalytic technology. The present advance of photocatalytic technology and the mechanism of photocatalytic reaction were summarized. The primary factors affecting the photocatalytic activity of nano -TiO2 were discussed ： （ 1 ） Under the general conditions, the photocatalytic activity of anatase - type TiO2 is higher than one of rutile - type TiO2. （2） The smaller diameters of crystal particles of TiO2 are, the shorter the time which the electrons （ e - ） and the holes （ h^＋ ） of light stimulating spread to the surface of TiO2 from the interior of TiO2 is, and the probability of e-and h^＋ combining reduces, which improves the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. （3） Metal ions doped enter into the crystal lattices of TiO2 to cause the defect of crystal lattices of TiO2 ,which restrains e - and h^＋ to combine, delays the life - span of current carriers, and improves the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. （4） Depositing of noble metals can promote separating efficiency of current carriers on the surface of TiO2 ,which is beneficial to form more · OH. （5） Coupling of semiconductors can improve separating results of charges of system and expand the absorption spectrum of TiO2.

关 键 词：光催化 功能材料 锐钛矿型TiO2 金红石型TIO2 金属离子掺杂 贵金属沉积 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]