影响地方领导开展艾滋病防治工作的相关因素及领导力建设模式研究  

The impact factors of limiting the involvement of local leaders in HIV/AIDS prevention and the feasible model of leadership development in China

作　　者：殷文渊[1] 汪宁[1] 王晓春[1] 傅继华[2] 刘惠[1] 占发先[3] 杨芳[3] 戴涌[3] 张晓菲[2] 孙晓光[2] 吕翠霞[2] 文小宁[1] 王立秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治所,济南250014 [3]湖北省疾病预防控制中心传染病防治研究所,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2007年第6期505-508,524,共5页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的了解影响地方多部门领导开展艾滋病防治工作的相关因素,探索适合中国国情的防治艾滋病领导力建设的可行性模式。方法采用定性研究的方法,对2省15县市地方领导共47人,分为卫生和非卫生部门两组进行个人深入访谈及专题小组讨论。结果影响地方领导开展艾滋病防治工作的相关因素包括外部和内部两方面。外部影响因素分为部门共同及特殊影响因素两类,如主要领导的重视程度、政策的可操作性和实效性等;内部影响因素两组的共性是,因缺乏明确的针对个人和部门的考核评估机制而导致的自我激励机制的缺乏等,2个省情况基本一致。防治艾滋病领导力建设的培训,应针对不同性质的领导在培训内容、方法和时间上区别对待,突出艾滋病与执政的关系。防治艾滋病领导力建设的模式,除通过目前培训的短期行为外,还需配合实施和评估等长期综合措施。结论地方领导开展艾滋病防治工作在不同程度上受到内外多种因素的影响和制约。防治艾滋病领导力建设的培训可采用"目的分层"的策略。领导力建设的模式应建立培训-实施-评估的长效机制。Objective To identify the impact factors of limiting the involvement of local leaders in HIV/AIDS control and prevention, and to further explore a feasible model of HIV/AIDS leadership development in the context of Chinese situation. Methods Forty seven local leaders both from health and non-health sectors were selected from 15 counties/cities in 2 provinces as study subjects and in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were applied as qualitative approaches.Results The impact factors were classified into internal and external ones. The common external factors consisted of priority given by the key leaders at a higher level, the feasibility of ongoing policies and cost-effectiveness of the interventions adopted, etc, while the internal impact factors included the absence of a sound mechanism of evaluation, supervision and self motivation at the individual and institutional levels. The two provinces had virtually the same situation. The training of HIV/AIDS leadership development should be specifically targeted to leaders with different functions at different levels in terms of training contents, methodology and agenda, focusing on the linkage between HIV/AIDS and govername The model of HIV/AIDS leadership development needs to be integrated not only into short-term training.but also with long term approaches such as implementation and performance evaluation on individual and institutional basis. Conclusion The involvement of local leaders in HIV/AIDS control and prevention is influenced and restricted in various degrees by both internal and external factors. It is highly recommended that a strategy of ＂objective-stratified training＂be employed for HIV/ AIDS leadership development and a long term mechanism of training-implementation-evaluation be established.

关 键 词：艾滋病 领导力建设 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]