方形网箱减流效果的试验与应用  

Experimental and Actual Applied Study on Effect of Reducing Current Velocity by Square Net Cage

作　　者：宋伟华[1] 马家志[1] 吕永林 黄六一[3] 刘振亮[1] 潘林卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院渔业学院,浙江舟山316004 [2]温州市渔业技术推广站,浙江温州325003 [3]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《浙江海洋学院学报（自然科学版）》2007年第4期378-383,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(2006EA700119);浙江省科技厅项目(2006C32002);浙江省自然科学基金项目(x506309)

摘　　要：依据深水网箱实际尺寸和渔具水槽试验方法,设计方形结构网箱进行水槽减流实验。应用三维流速计测量网箱尾部各点在不同水流实验条件下的流速,分析相关数据,探讨网箱尾部的流速分布,评价浮式网箱的减流效果。流速测试范围在网箱后50～125 cm的2个水层,减流效果明显,结果显示:(1)网箱尾部的减流区域集中在网袋与来流垂直的投影面中部,而网箱两侧的流速略有增加;(2)当流速由32.23 cm/s增大到67.79 cm/s时,减流20%～45%。在网箱养殖海域设计应用网箱型的组合浮式防波堤,最大减流55%以上,表明能够满足深水网箱养殖的减流需要。Traditional sea cages were put in bay and the environment was polluted. The polluted environment influenced the growth of fishes, even caused diseases. Now cages are increasingly located offshore. But at the locations that are more exposed to waves, winds and currents. In the severe condition the cage volume is sharply decreased due to the action of currents. It is important how to reducing the flow influence on deep-sea cage. A square net-cage structure was designed according to the dimension of deep-sea cage and the experiments were carried out in flume at the paper. The current velocity was surveyed by velocity-meters in front of the structure and a series of points behind the structure. Then the data was analyzed,the effect of reducing current velocity was found out. Surveyed range from 50 cm to 125 cm behind the structure, The effect of re ducing current velocity is apparent. The conclusions are follows. （1） The area of reducing current located at the projection of net vertical to the current direction. The current velocity of both sides of cage increases a bit. （2） Testing velocities are 32.23era/s, 50.19em/s and 67.79era/s, the percentage of reducing velocity behind the square net-cage structure is between 20%-45% ,which is close to the relative collusions. Then the actual assembled breakwaters about the effect of reducing current and wave were applied in the aquatic ocean field. The maximum percentage of reducing velocity behind the breakwaters structure is 55%, which resembles the results of the flume experiments. It implied that a feasible net cage could be applied in wavy environment to replace rigid breakwaters.

关 键 词：方形网箱 水槽试验 减流效果 生产应用 

分 类 号：S969.19[农业科学—水产养殖]