步甲夜间迁飞的研究  

Nocturnal Migration of Coleoptera:Carabidae in North China

作　　者：张云慧[1] 陈林[1] 程登发[1] 田喆[1] 姜玉英[2] 张跃进[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所／植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100094 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100026

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2008年第1期108-115,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：“973”国家重点基础项目研究(2006CB102007);国家自然科学基金项目(30771385);国家科技“十一五”支撑项目(2006BAD08A01);国家社会公益项目(2004DIB4J155)

摘　　要：【目的】利用垂直监测雷达可以长期实时自动监测的特点,研究鞘翅目昆虫步甲是否具有迁飞性,并探讨步甲的迁飞活动规律。【方法】设置雷达观测点,利用垂直监测昆虫雷达及相关辅助设备长期观测结果,结合气象资料进行低空气流和大区环流分析,探讨鞘翅目昆虫步甲迁飞的事实。【结果】2005和2006年的观测资料表明,步甲季节内活动主要在6月下旬至8月下旬,高峰期主要集中在8月份,高空和地面诱虫灯季节内诱集有明显突增突减现象;高峰期内雷达回波点高度可达600m,主要集中在450m以下;夜间活动大多在20:00～22:00之间,个别夜晚雷达回波持续到04:00左右,探照灯内步甲数量的变化与雷达回波强度具有一致性;系留气球携带的捕虫网在200m的空中成功捕到步甲成虫。【结论】步甲属的某些种类具有一定的迁飞性,为研究鞘翅目昆虫的迁飞提供了依据。[Objective] Vertical-looking radar （VLR） has been used for long-term automatic monitoring of the altitudinal and temporal dynamics of high-flying insect populations. VLR and auxiliary equipments can thereof be applied to investigate whether ground beetles migrate nocturnally and to observe the behaviour of the migrating nocturnal insects, such as the orientation and mode of high-altitude navigation. [Method] Setting radar at appropriate place, utilizing the data from the VLR and auxiliary equipments combined with weather dates, determining wind speed, wind direction and atmosphere dynamic based on weather information, analyzing insect flight parameter in relation to airflow at low altitude and circumfluence of large-scale were applied to the study. The proofs on migration of Coleoptera was discussed. [Result] The carabids density is relative higher from late July to late August. The numbers in light trap catches increase suddenly and follow sharp drops obviously. From view of the radarscope, dots of the carabids usually last from 20：00 to 22：00 and sometimes till 04： 00. Hying height of the insect is mainly below 600 m above ground level （AGL）, and most of them fly at the height of 450 m AGL. There is a positive correlation between number of the carabids observed in vertical-pointing searchlight and ecko intensity of the VLR. [ Conclusion ] Thus, the conclusion of nocturnal migration of several carabids species can provide useful suggestions for further study on the migration of Coleoptera insects.

关 键 词：昆虫迁飞 雷达监测 步甲 飞行行为 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]