灌水对冷季型混播草坪生物量的影响  

Effect of Irrigation on Biomass of Cool-Season Turfgrass Mixtures

作　　者：梁曦[1] 苏德荣[1] 杨云贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学森林培育教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《草地学报》2008年第1期60-64,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50679002);国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD16B09)

摘　　要：研究灌水量（0、200、400、600mm）对冷季型混播草坪生物量和蒸散量的影响，测定土壤含水率、蒸散量、地上及地下生物量，以期为草坪的节水精准灌溉，科学管理提供理论依据。结果表明：试验中后期，灌水400和600mm地上生物量显著高于灌水0和200mm，但灌水600与400mm间差异不显著；草坪草根系在0～5cm层的分布最多，在20～25cm最少；地下生物量的差异仅存在于浅土层（0～5cm）；随着时间的推移，地上、地下生物量都呈增长趋势，但前者比后者增长迅速；根茎比呈下降趋势；地上生物量在很大程度上是由地下生物量决定的，决定系数大于0．8；随着地上生物量的增加，累计蒸散量增加，处理间差异极显著（P〈0．01）；试验前期累计蒸散量随着地上生物量的增加而迅速增加，后期增加缓慢；累计蒸散量在很大程度上取决于地上生物量，决定系数大于0．65；Aboveground and underground biomass are important indicators of turfgrass growth and estab lishment. The aboveground and underground biomass of cool-season turfgrass mixtures were measured in field experiments under four different irrigation levels （0, 200, 400, 600 mm） during the entire experimental periods. The results show that the aboveground biomass in the middle and late growing periods under treatments of 400 and 600 mm were significantly higher than that of treatments of 200 and 0 mm, but there was no significant difference between irrigation 600 and 400 mm. Root distribution was charactered with the highest density in the layer of 0-5 cm, while the least density in the layer of 20-25 cm. The significant differences of underground biomass among treatments only existed in shallow soil layer of 0-5 cm. With proceeding of the growing period, both aboveground and underground biomass increased, but aboveground biomass changed faster. The ratio of root to stem tended to decline in the whole growing peri od. Aboveground biomass was largely determined by the underground biomass and the statistical determination coefficient for each treatment was above 0.8. Along with the increase of aboveground biomass, the accumulated evapotranspiration （ET） of different irrigation treatments increased and showed very significant difference among different treatments （P〈0.01）. The ET increased rapidly in the early growing peri od but slower in late. Statistical results indicate that ET was largely determined by aboveground biomass and the determination coefficient of each treatment was above 0. 65. The regression model between aboveground biomass and ET was Y=a×e^bx.

关 键 词：灌水处理 冷季型草坪草 生物量 蒸散量 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]