湖南省不同管电压胸部X射线摄影所致受检者入射体表剂量比较  

Study on the entrance surface dose of different tube potential used in chest diagnostic radiography in Hunan province

作　　者：刘建军[1] 程金生[2] 王艳[1] 凌光华[1] 张奇志[1] 杨芬芳[1] 陈东辉[1] 苏旭[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省劳动卫生职业病防治所,湖南长沙410007 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,北京100088

出　　处：《中国医学装备》2008年第2期12-16,共5页China Medical Equipment

摘　　要：目的:比较在胸部X射线摄影中不同管电压对受检者入射体表剂量(ESD)的影响。材料与方法:在湖南省范围内,按不同级别的医院和疾病预防控制中心进行抽样,对抽样单位的每台胸部摄影设备抽取10例成年病人,采用热释光计量计(LiF,Mg,Cu,P)对接受临床胸部后前位(PA)和侧位(LAT)摄影检查病人的ESD进行测量,按不同的摄影管电压进行分类统计分析。结果:抽取了31家卫生医疗机构共35台放射诊断设备,获得胸部PA摄影110～150kVp的高仟伏模式和低于110kVp的常规仟伏模式病人数分别为88例和138例,平均每次放射摄影所致病人ESD分别为0.2874mGy/次和0.4523mGy/次,LAT高仟伏模式和常规仟伏模式摄影病人分别为23例和50例,平均每次放射摄影所致病人ESD分别为0.9976mGy/次和0.7016mGy/次。除直接数字摄影(DR)系统外,屏片系统和计算机摄影(CR)系统使用高仟伏模式进行胸部PA摄影时,ESD均较低,胸部LAT摄影时,无论何种系统,两种管电压模式所致病人的ESD影响无差异。结论:在湖南省抽样单位,在屏片系统和CR系统胸部PA摄影中使用高仟伏可降低病人的ESD。Subject： Comparing the impact of different tube voltage used in chest diagnostic radiography on the entrance surface dose （ESD） to patients. Material and methods： Sampling hospitals and the Centers of Disease Control （CDC） of different levels in Hunan Province. For all the equipment of the sampling unit, 10 adult patients who underwent chest postero-anterior view （PA） or lateral （LAT） diagnostic radiography were selected. Thermoluminescence detectors （TLD） were used to detect the ESD of these patients. The data were analyzed according to the different tube potential used in the procedure of the radiography. Results： 55 radiation equipments of 51 hospitals and CDC were sampled. The number of the patients who underwent the PA radiography used the 110-150kVp high voltage （HV） technological model and the technological model used the voltage lower than 110 kVp were 88 and 158, respectively. Consequently, the mean value of the ESD was 0.2874 mGy/radiography and 0.4525 mGy/radiography, respectively. The number of the patients who underwent the LAT radiography used the 110-150 kVp HV technological model and the technological model used the voltage lower than 110 kVp were 25 and 50, respectively, and the mean value of the ESD was 0.9976 mGy/radiography and 0.7016 mGy/radiography, respectively. Both the film-screen system and the computer radiography （CR） system give lower ESD to patients when PA radiography was projected with the HV technical parameter than with the conventional voltage technical parameter, exclude of the direct radiography （DR）. As for the chest LAT radiography, no difference in the patients ESD was found between the two voltage technological models, without reference to different systems. Conclusion： For the sampling units in Hunan province, HV technical models used in the chest PA radiography can result in patients ESD reduction for the film-screen system and the CR system.

关 键 词：胸部放射摄影 管电压 入射体表剂量 湖南省 

分 类 号：TH774[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]