施氮对籼型双季杂交水稻枝梗和颖花分化与退化的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Applications on the Differentiation and Retrogression of the Branch and Spikelet in Ganxin688

作　　者：陈小荣[1] 潘晓华[1] 陈忠平[1] 余辉 邓柏凌 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省都昌县农业局,江西都昌332622 [3]江西省都昌县科技局,江西都昌332600

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2008年第1期1-6,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家科技部“国家粮食丰产科技工程”(2004BA520A04)

摘　　要：在大田条件下以籼型杂交组合淦鑫688为材料，系统分析了不同用氮总量及不同用氮模式对稻穗枝梗和颖花分化、退化与形成有关指标的影响，结果表明：（1）总体上，195kg／hm^2氮素用量有利于提高单穗一次枝梗分化数、二次枝梗分化数和颖花分化数；减少一次枝梗退化数、二次枝梗退化数和颖花退化数；降低一次枝梗退化率、二次枝梗退化率和颖花退化率；提高一次枝梗形成数、二次枝梗形成数、一次枝梗颖花直接形成数和二次枝梗颖花形成数，最终提高单穗颖花总形成数。（2）相同施氮量下，提高幼穗分化期氮肥使用比例，可起到优化稻穗发育的效果，而分蘖期和叶龄余数2～1时施氮量对稻穗发育影响小。（3）淦鑫688稻穗良性发育适宜的用氮模式为：基肥（82．5kg／hm^2）：分蘖肥（54．0kg／hm^2）：幼穗分化肥（58．5kg／hm^2）：保花肥（0kg／hm^2）。（4）还讨论了稻穗枝梗、颖花分化、退化与形成指标之间的相互关系，提出了增加单穗颖花形成数的策略。Later - season Ganxin688 was planted in the field with different total nitrogen and different application modes for analyzing the differentiation, retrogression and formation indexes of branches and spikelets in rice panicle. The results were as follows ： （ 1 ） Generally, it was beneficial for increase of differentiated primary branches （DPB） , differentiated secondary branches （DSB） , differentiated spikelets （DS） ; for decrease of retrograded primary branches （RPB）, retrograded secondary branches （RSB）, retrograded spikelets （RS） , percentage of retrograded primary branches （PRPB） , percentage of retrograded secondary branches （PRSB） , percentage of retrograded spikelets （PRS）; for increase of surviving primary branches （SPB）,surviving secondary branches （SSB）, surviving spikelets of primary branches directly （SSP）, surviving spikelets of secondary branches （SSS） and total surviving spikelets （SST） that total nitrogen application for late season was 195 kg/hm^2. （2） Under the same total nitrogen application, in crease of the ratio of nitrogen application during the young panicle differentiation stage could optimize the development of the young panicle, while those in the stages of tiller and 2 - 1 leaf age left were little. （3） Suitable nitrogen application mode for the young panicle development of Ganxin688 was ： base nitrogen （ 82.5 kg/hm^2 ） ; tiller nitrogen （ 54.0 kg/ hm^2 ） ; young panicle differentiation nitrogen （58.5 kg/hm^2 ） and flower protection nitrogen panicle （0 kg/ hm^2）. （4）The relations of the differentiation, retrogression and formation indexes of branch and spikelet is discussed and the tactics to increase SST per panicle are suggested.

关 键 词：淦鑫688 枝梗和颖花 分化 退化与形成 施氮 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]