桥小脑角区血管神经复合体的解剖学研究  

Anatomical study of the neurovascular complex in the cerebellopontine angle region

作　　者：陈光贵[1] 牛朝诗[1] 韩卉[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学附属省立医院神经外科,安徽合肥230001 [2]安徽医科大学解剖教研室,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《中华神经外科疾病研究杂志》2008年第1期55-59,共5页Chinese Journal of Neurosurgical Disease Research

摘　　要：目的研究桥小脑角区血管神经间的解剖关系,为临床微血管减压术提供解剖学资料。方法20例10%甲醛固定并灌有乳胶的成人头颅湿标本,去除大脑半球、小脑幕和模拟临床枕下乙状窦后手术入路,逐层解剖、观察、照相。方法桥小脑角区上血管神经复合体主要包括滑车神经、三叉神经和小脑上动脉、小脑下前动脉、岩上静脉、岩上窦等。小脑上动脉主干尾袢及其分叉部附近常压迫三叉神经出入脑干区的上方。中血管神经复合体主要包括展神经、面听神经和小脑下前动脉、小脑下后动脉等。小脑下前动脉常呈折叠状凸入内耳,在折叠端及其附近常发出内听动脉入内耳。下血管神经复合体主要包括延髓、后组颅神经、舌下神经、小脑下后动脉、椎动脉等。结论责任血管可能不止一根,压迫点可能不止一处,详尽的解剖研究可提高显微血管减压手术的成功率。Objective To investigate the anatomical structures of the neurovascular complex in the cerebellopontine angle region to offer anatomical materials for clinical microvascular decompression. Methods A total of 20 adult cadaveric heads fixed in 10% formalin were used for this study. After cutting cerebrum from the midbrain and the dura covering the cerebellum, the trans-suboccipital retrosigmoid approach to the CPA region was simulated. Dissections were observed and photographed gradually. Results The upper neurovascular complex included trochlear nerve, trigeminal nerve and superior cerebellar artery （SCA）, superior petrosal vein, superior petrosal sinus, and anteroinferior cerebellar artery （AICA）, et al. The trunk loop and its originating point of the branch of SCA usually compressed the upper trigeminal nerve entering/exiting zone of brainstem. The middle neurovascular complex mainly included abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear nerve, anteroinferior cerebellar artery （ AICA）, and posteroinferior cerebellar artery （PICA）, et al. AICA often folded and entered the internal acoustic meatus with a labyrinthine branch. The lower neurovascular complex included glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal nerve, PICA, vertebral artery （VA）, et al. Condusion More than one compressive vessels and compressive points can be identified. A detailed anatomical study could improve the effect of microvascular compression operation.

关 键 词：桥小脑角区 血管神经复合体 解剖 

分 类 号：R323.15[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]