粘性泥沙分层运动特征的试验研究  

Experimental study of feature of the cohesive sediment lamination movement

作　　者：王家生[1] 陈立[2] 刘林[2] 黄荣敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院河流研究所,湖北武汉430010 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水科学进展》2008年第1期13-18,共6页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2003CB415205);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50479036)~~

摘　　要：应用水槽试验研究了粘性泥沙的运动特性及水流条件和泥沙浓度对粘性泥沙运动的影响。实验结果表明,在一定的水流和泥沙浓度条件下,粘性泥沙运动存在着特殊运动形式——"分层运动","分层运动"形成时水槽中泥沙浓度沿垂线分布成"阶梯"形状,水流流速沿垂线分布为中部最大,向水面和水槽底部方向流速减小。分层运动的形成及其特征与水流条件泥沙浓度等因素密切相关,不同的泥沙浓度下形成分层运动的水动力条件不同,泥沙浓度增加,形成分层运动的水流强度也相应增加。In this article the experiments of open-channel fume is done to study the coherent sediment motion in weak dynamic condition, the experimental results indicate that the special movement form-“the lamination movement” emerges when the condition （flow and sediment density） is contented. When the “the lamination movement” occurrs, the sediment density along perpendicular profile presents “the steps and ladders”. The peak value of the fluent speed emerges in the middle of the perpendicular of the flow, then reduces to the water surface and the bottom of the flume. The cohesive sediment flocculation and construction of flocculation net are the basic reason for the emergence of the lamination movement forms. The fluent condition is the most important factor for the lamination movement formation, and the lamination movement forms in the certain fluent intensity scope. The sediment density has the tremendous effect on the lamination movement formation, Different sediment densities form the different lamination movements and the hydrodynamic conditions, that is the silt density increases, the intensity of the fluent forming the lamination movement also increase correspondingly.

关 键 词：粘性泥沙 分层运动 泥沙浓度分布 试验研究 

分 类 号：TV142.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]