小尺寸火灾模型中CO释放特性实验  

Release pattern of CO from the combustion of wood in small-scale fire tests

作　　者：张政伟[1] 吕子安[1] 彭华[1] 李定凯[1] 徐旭常[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学热能工程系,热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第2期252-255,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家“九七三”基础研究资助项目(2001CB409605)

摘　　要：为了解小尺寸火灾实验中CO释放特性与真实火灾不同的原因,该文利用自行设计的"烟气发生装置-二次加热装置-FTIR"实验系统对木材燃烧时产生的烟气中的CO气体进行实时在线的定量检测,着重考查二次加热温度对CO释放的影响方式。结果表明木材燃烧时CO的释放呈有氧热解和残炭的不完全氧化2个阶段,二次加热温度和燃空比是影响CO释放的重要因素。证实了烟气温度偏低是导致小尺寸火灾实验中CO产率较真实火灾中偏低的重要原因,适当提高二次加热温度可以显著提高CO产率,但过高的二次加热温度又抑制CO的生成。A smoke release device, a second heater and FTIR were used for a quantitative on-line analysis of the concentration of CO from the combustion of wood. The tests focused on the effect of the second heating temperature （θs） to study the difference between the CO release in a real fire and a small-scale fire test. The results show that pyrogenation and incomplete oxidation of the char lead to CO formation, with θs and the equivalence ratio （φ） as the main parameters affecting the CO yield in small-scale fire tests. Lower smoke temperatures are an important factor resulting in much lower CO yields in bench-scale fire tests compared with flashover fires and the CO yield can he observably increased by increasing the smoke temperature. Higher second heating temperatures reduce the CO yield ratio.

关 键 词：火灾 CO 木材 烟气毒性 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TK121[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]