珠江河口水体O1群和O139群霍乱弧菌监测  

Distribution and molecular characteristics of Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 isolates in estuary of Pearl River

作　　者：王多春[1] 王晓梅[1] 钟豪杰[2] 张静[3] 谭海玲[2] 陈经雕[2] 李柏生[2] 郑慧贞[2] 崔志刚[1] 柯昌文[2] 邓小玲[2] 高永军[3] 王子军[3] 阚飙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2008年第2期145-150,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家“863”高技术研究发展计划课题资助项目（2006AA022425）;中国疾病预肪控制中心应急预警资助项目

摘　　要：目的分析珠江河口水体O1群和O139群霍乱弧菌菌型特征，探讨环境水体监测的方法和疫情监测中的作用。方法2006年3月至2007年2月，在珠江河口选择24个水样采集点，每月采集一次，进行O1群和O139群霍乱弧菌的分离培养，并利用实时PCR监测样品增菌液中的O1群和O139群霍乱弧菌。采样同时测定气温、水温等气象资料。用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）对分离菌株进行分型分析。结果监测期间共采样862份，霍乱弧菌分离阳性率7．77％，实时PCR阳性率为26．33％。按月的水样检测阳性率与水温变化趋势相似；城区监测点阳性率高于其他区域，在一家海产品批发市场排水口下游检测到产毒O139群菌株；菌株的菌型构成中，分离菌株主要为非产毒株；O1群E1 Tor小川和稻叶型以及O139群菌株的分离无季节变化趋势；PFGE分析75株分离株被分为49种带型，相似性为57．4％～100％，表现出明显的多样性。结论霍乱弧菌在珠江河口水体中广泛存在，并呈现多样性。水体监测提供产毒菌株的指示，可作为环境危险评价的指标，且能在霍乱弧菌的监测和霍乱疫情预警中发挥作用。Objective Through systematic monitoring of the number and strain types of O1 and O139 Vibrio cholerae in the Pearl River estuary waters to analyze it＇s relevance with the temperature of environment ,and the relevance between strains in water and isolates during outbreaks and epidemics as well as to estimate the methods used for environmental water detection and the potential role in cholera surveillance program. Methods Twenty-four stations along the Pearl River were selected and the water samples were collected monthly from March 2006 to February 2007. V. cholerae O1 and O139 strains were isolated from the samples. Real-time PCR established in our laboratory was used to detect V. cholerae O1 and O139. Air temperature and water temperature were collected during sampling. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） was applied in molecular typing of the isolates. Results 862 water samples were collected during the study period. A total number of 77 O1 and O139 V. cholerae were isolated in 67 water samples and the positive rates were 7.77 % for isolation and 26.33% for real-time PCR. Seasonal trend of positive rates by month were approximately coincident with the change of water temperature. The positive rates in the stations in urban area were higher than those in other areas. Toxigenic O139 strains were found in one station located in downstream of a marine market. Most of the O1 and O139 isolates were nontoxigenic. No trend of seasonal variation of the strains was noticed. Within these 75 isolates,49 PFGE patterns were identified and the patterns differed widely with the similarity of 57.4%-100%. Conclusion V. cholerae existed as the natural habitant in estuary water of the Pearl River and showed obvious genetic diversity. Data from monitoring waters might show the separation of strains with certain seasonal association. But the crowd did not show the relationship between the infections. Results from water surveillance program might provide indicators on the appearance of cholera pathogen which might be used i

关 键 词：霍乱弧菌 监测 河口水体 分子生物学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]