检测水中急性毒性污染物的发光细菌光纤传感器的研究  

Research of a Bioluminent Bacterial-Based Optical Fiber Sensor to Detecting Acute Effects of Pollutants in Water

作　　者：于海[1] 何苗[1] 蔡强[2] 张理兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]清华大学浙江清华长三角研究院,嘉兴314050

出　　处：《环境科学》2008年第2期375-379,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAC19B06);浙江省科技项目(2006C23069);嘉兴市科技项目(2006AY2059)

摘　　要：水中有毒污染物的快速现场监测对于保障水环境安全具有重要意义,本研究开发了一种快速、灵敏、简便的监测水中污染物急性毒性的光纤生物传感器.该传感器由固定了明亮发光杆菌的光纤探头构成,生物发光信号经光纤传输到检测系统.采用海藻酸钠作为固定化凝胶,试验了海藻酸钠和CaCl2的浓度、固化时间、pH、保存条件等因素对凝胶和发光细菌的影响.优化后的传感器制备方法是在光纤探头上,用3%海藻酸钠在3%CaCl2溶液中固定Photobacterium phosphoremT3菌15 min,制备好的传感器保存于3%NaCl溶液中.应用开发的传感器检测了Zn2+、NH3、硝基苯和甲酚4种典型污染物的剂量-效应曲线,通过计算确定了其EC50分别为:5.1、10.2、70.4、77.0 mg.L-1.通过与发光细菌标准方法的比较实验表明,发光细菌光纤传感器与标准法具有良好相关性,能反映水中污染物的总毒性.而传感器由于容易保存和携带,适合现场监测.Field detection of general toxicity is urgent demand in these years, therefore, rapid, sensitive, convenient biosensor was studied to detect cute toxicity of water pollutant, which is a novel optical fiber sensor immobilized bioluminent bacterial, Photobacterium phosphorem T3. This bioluminence light was measured by light detection system after it coupling to optical fiber. For the activity and bioluminence of bacterial was seriously affected by immobilizing conditions, optimization of immobilization was studied, including the concentration of Sodium alga gel and CaClz , immobilizing time, pH, and the preservation time. When the bacteria was immobilized with 3% sodium alga in 3% CaCl2 solution for 15 minutes, the bacteria had the best activity, and the immobilized bacteria would maintain its activity for the longest time in the 3% NaCl solution. The dose-response curves of Zn^2＋ , NH3 , nitrobenzenne and cresol are detected, and the EC50 are also calculated, which are 5.1, 10.2, 70.4, 77.0 mg· L^-1 . The EC50 are quite coherent to the results of standard bioluminescent bacteria method. The optical fiber biosensor could be disposable, small sized, convenient operation for field application.

关 键 词：发光细菌 光纤传感器 毒性 环境监测 

分 类 号：X85[环境科学与工程—环境工程]