条斑星鲽早期发育生物学研究--受精卵的形态、生态和卵胚发育特征  

Biological study on the early life history of barfinflound(Verasper moseri)——Morphological & ecological characteristics of fertilized ova and the embryonic development of barfin flounder

作　　者：肖志忠[1] 于道德[1] 张修峰 徐世宏[1] 马道远[1] 李军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛市渔业技术推广站,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《海洋科学》2008年第2期17-21,共5页Marine Sciences

基　　金：青岛市科技计划项目(02-1-KCHHH-39,03-2-HH-4,06-2-3-18-hy)

摘　　要：条斑星鲽（Veyaspey moseri）的受精卵为圆球形、分离透明、无油球的悬浮卵。卵膜具粗波纹状的纹络。卵黄均匀，浅黄色或米黄色。卵径平均为1．70mm±0．02mm。卵黄囊径1．57mm±0．025mm。卵黄间隙狭窄，约为0．11mm。受精卵的可孵化水温为6．0～11．0℃，最适孵化水温8．0～10．0℃。可孵化盐度为27．00～36．00，最适孵化盐度为33．00～35．00。受精卵在不同盐度的海水中，呈现不同的生态分布特征。在水温8．0～10．0℃，盐度33．00，光照500～6000Ix，pH值7．5～8．4的孵化条件下，受精卵约历时216h孵化出膜，出膜方式以头部首先破膜为主。优质卵的孵化率可迭90％以上。在条斑星鲽胚胎发育过程中，原肠期及原肠期以前的时期对温度的敏感性明显强于原口关闭后各个发育时期。卵胚卵裂期的不同步分裂现象要比其他硬骨鱼类提前，出现在第三次卵裂时期。多细胞期的裂球均一程度较低。在孵化育苗生产中，出现大量带有“空泡”的不正常的卵胚和前期仔鱼。该研究结果为比较鲆鲽鱼类早期发育过程提供了基础参考资料，同时揭示作为冷温性鱼类条斑星鲽受精卵发育过程中出现的特殊规律，从而为该鱼种进一步大规模苗种生产提供了理论依据。The fertilized eggs of barfin flounder were spherical, transparent, semi-buoyant, nonadhesive, no oil globule and appeared grey yellow. They had an average diameter of 1.70 ram. The eggs were able to hatch normally under the water temperatures between 6.0 ℃ and 11.0 ℃, and the most suitable hatching temperature was from 8.0 ℃ to 10.0 ℃. The eggs appeared different buoyancies under different salinities. The hatchery period is about 216 hours at 8.0 ℃. The major feature of the embryonic development of barfin flounder included： （1） The stage of gastrulation is more sensitive to the water temperature; （2） The phenomenon of asynchronous cleavage occurred earlier than other teleosts; （3） In morula stage., cells of blastdisc were less homogeneous; （4） Lots of abnormal eggs and larvae with one or two “vacuoles” occured in the body. Our study can afford a basic knowledge on the comparative study of the early development on marine flatfish, and indicate the special rule of the ontogeny development of barfin flounder as a cold fish species, therefore, supply a theoretical guide for the further intensive culture of this species.

关 键 词：条斑星鲽(Verasper moseri) 悬浮卵 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：Q132.3[生物学—普通生物学]