肺表面活性物质新法给药方式的效果观察  

Nursing and observation for the effect of new medication method of pulmonary surfactam

作　　者：蹇常娥[1] 姜玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院新生儿科,长沙410008

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志（下旬版）》2008年第2期36-38,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨肺表面活性物质新法气管内给药预防新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效及护理配合要点。方法选择应用肺表面活性物质防治新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的28～34周早产儿25例。所有患儿在出生后1h内应用肺表面活性物质预防新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征。将患儿按不同气管内给药方式分为传统给药组（Ⅰ组）14例和新法给药组（Ⅱ组）11例，观察2组用药中的呼吸、心率、经皮血氧饱和度的改变，及术前、术后1，12h动脉血气的变化，并比较2组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征发生率、药物咳出情况、机械通气时间。结果在应用肺表面活性物质预防后，2组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征发病率差异无统计学意义，药物咳出发生率及术后机械通气时间2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。术中Ⅰ组患儿出现血氧饱和度下降，呼吸及心率增快，与Ⅱ组及自身用药前相比差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。应用1h后2组血气值比较差异无统计学意义；应用肺表面活性物质12h后，PaO2Ⅰ组低于Ⅱ组（P〈0.01），PaCO2Ⅰ组高于Ⅱ组（P〈0.05）。结论新的气管内给药方法具有较强的可操作性，不但可减少药物咳出，避免重复用药，还可减少术中不良反应，缩短机械通气时间，且操作简单。Objective To study the clinical effect of new medication method of pulmonary surfactant（PS） to prevent neonatal respiratory-distress syndrome（NRDS） and its nursing cooperations. Methods 25 premature infants were divided into two groups according to different medication methods：traditional medication method group （group I ,14 cases） and new medication method grouop （grouop Ⅱ,11 cases）.We observed the respiration,heart rate,arterial blood oxygen saturation and arterial blood gas and compared the incidence rate of NRDS,coughing out of drug and time of mechanical ventilation in two groups. Results Statistical difference existed in the rate of coughing out of the drug and time of mechanical ventilation between the two groups（P 〈0.05） but no difference in the incidence rate of NRDS.The blood oxygen saturation reduced and respiration and heart rate increased in group I and these changes were evidently different from those before medication and in group Ⅱ. Conclusion Significant differences were seen in the PaO2 （P 〈0.01 ） and PaCO2 （P 〈0.05） after 12 hours of medication but were not seen after 1 hour of medication.

关 键 词：肺表面活性物质 呼吸窘迫综合征 早产儿 护理 

分 类 号：R722.12[医药卫生—儿科] R979.1[医药卫生—临床医学]