移植患者呼吸道金黄色葡萄球菌感染的分子流行病学  

Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Originated from Respiratory Tract of Patients after Transplantation

作　　者：黄辉[1] 安如俊[1] 周建党[1] 周秀萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅三医院护理部,湖南长沙410013

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2008年第2期189-191,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅科研课题(B2004-067)

摘　　要：目的了解引起移植患者呼吸道金黄色葡萄球菌感染的基因型,探讨金黄色葡萄球菌在移植术后肺部感染的流行状况、感染的预防措施及护理。方法运用随机扩增PCR技术,对20例移植患者呼吸道感染金黄色葡萄球菌进行指纹图谱分析,并采用头孢西丁纸片法检测金黄色葡萄球菌的mecA基因。结果20株金黄色葡萄球菌经随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分为8个基因型,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型检出率分别为40.0%、15.0%、15.0%,mecA基因阳性率达80.0%。结论移植患者术后呼吸道感染金黄色葡萄球菌以Ⅰ型为主,mecA阳性检出率高,对抗菌药物具有很高的耐药性;应加强消毒、隔离管理,采取有效措施防止mecA阳性金黄色葡萄球菌在移植患者中的传播。OBJECTIVE To know the gene type of Staphylococcus aureus which caused the respiratory tract infection of patients after transplantation in our hospital,and to explore the epidemiology, preventing measure and nursing strategy of the lung infection by S. aureus among them. METI-IODS Using random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） to analyze the gene type fingerprint of the 20 S. aureus strains originated from the respiratory tractof patients after transplantation, and using cefoxitin paper strip method to detect the mecA gene of the S. aureus. RESULTS Twenty S. aureus strains were divided into 8 gene types,and among them, the detectable rate of gene types Ⅰ , Ⅱ, and Ⅲ was 40.0%, 15.0%, and 15.0%; respectively. The positive rate of mecA gene reached to 80.0%. CONCLUSIONS The S. aureus originated from respiratory tracts of the patients after transplantation is mainly of gene type Ⅰ. And the positive rate of mecA gene is very high. So the management of hands washing, sterilization and isolation of medical and nursing staffs should be strengthened, and effective method should be took to prevent the propagation of mecA positive S. aureus among the patients after transplantation.

关 键 词：移植 金黄色葡萄球菌 随机扩增多态性DNA 基因分型 医院感染 护理 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]