东亚帚菊木族及其相关类群的叶表皮形态比较  

Comparative Morphology of Leaf Epidermis of the Tribe Mutisieae (Compositae) in East Asia and Its Related Groups

作　　者：林娜娜[1] 王红[1] 李德铢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2008年第1期51-63,共13页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670160)资助

摘　　要：在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下,对东亚地区帚菊木族及其南美相关类群共12属31个种的叶表皮进行了观察。研究发现气孔器普遍存在于叶的下表皮,少数种的上表皮也有分布,气孔器主要为星型和无规则型两种类型。叶表皮细胞为多边形和不规则形,垂周壁平直弓形、浅波状或波浪状。气孔器表面观为椭圆形和近圆形,气孔外拱盖内缘近平滑至浅波状,其中Macroclinidium较为特殊,具有双层气孔外拱盖。叶表面通常光滑无蜡质或角质,部分种叶表面具薄片状或层状蜡质。研究表明,叶表皮特征在种间一致性较高,但在属间,特别是属群和亚族间存在一定差异。Leaf epidemfis of 31 species belonging to 12 genera of the tribe Mutisieae from both East Asia and South America was investigated by hght microscopy （LM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. It was shown that the stomatal apparatus was mainly staurocytic and anomocytic, and presented in abaxial epiderimis of all studied species and in the adaxial epidermis of some species. The leaf epidermal cells were usually polygonal or irregular bearing with the antichnal walls straight or arched, sinuolate, sinuous to sinuate. The major shapes of stomatal apparatus were elliptical or nearly rounded, the inner margin of the outer stomatal rim ranged from nearly-smooth to sinuolate, the outer stomatal rim of Macroclinidium was two pairs and quite different from other species. The leaf surface is mostly smooth and no waxy or corneous types; however there are some species with the surface covered with ridges of wax or waxy types. The result showed that the characters of leaf epidermis were httle difference among species but can serve as a criterion for distinguishing among genera, in particular among generic groups and subtribs.

关 键 词：帚菊木族 叶表皮 比较形态学 东亚 南美 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]