不同砧穗组合葡萄植株对部分根区干旱的生理生化响应  

Physiological and biochemical responses of different scion/rootstock combinations grapevine to partial rootzone drought

作　　者：綦伟[1] 厉恩茂[1] 翟衡[1] 王晓芳[1] 杜远鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第2期306-310,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30471197)

摘　　要：利用自制木箱对嫁接在3309C、420A和110R砧木上的玛瓦斯亚葡萄(M)进行双侧根区交替灌溉(AI)和单侧灌溉(UI)两种水分胁迫处理,以探讨不同葡萄砧穗组合对干旱的适应能力.结果表明:水分胁迫导致葡萄叶片ABA浓度大幅度增加,AI和UI的3种组合平均分别提高了267.5%和394.7%,而气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著下降.UI处理的3种组合叶片SOD和CAT活性显著增加,脯氨酸(Pro)含量极显著增加,且均以M/110R增幅较大,M/3309C增幅较小;而AI处理的SOD和CAT活性增加较小,但Pro含量显著增加.干旱胁迫导致葡萄叶片质膜透性、MDA和H2O2含量极显著增加,以M/3309C增加最多,M/110R增加较少.不同砧穗组合适应干旱逆境的能力主要取决于砧木品种,110R适应干旱逆境的能力强于420A和3309C,其对应的嫁接植株的生长量亦呈同样趋势.与根区单侧灌溉相比,双侧根区交替灌溉对植株造成的伤害较小,是可推广的节水灌溉方式.By using self-made wooden boxes with two separated zones, the grapevine Vitis vinifera cv. Malvasia （M） grafted on rootstocks 3309C, 420A and 110R, respectively, was planted, and the physiological and biochemical responses of these scion/rootstock combinations to bilateral alternative irrigation （AI） and unilateral irrigation （UI） were studied. The results showed that in treatments AI and UI, the average leaf ABA content of test scion/rootstock combinations increased by 267.5% and 394.7%, respectively, while stomatal conduction and transpiration decreased markedly. In treatment UI, the leaf SOD and CAT activities and Pro content were notably enhanced, with the greatest increment in M/110R and followed by in M/420A and M/3309C; while in treatment AI, the leaf SOD and CAT activities of test scion/rootstock combinations enhanced slightly and Pro content increased markedly. UI induced a remarkable increase of leaf relative electronic conductivity and MDA and H2O2 contents, with the highest increment in M/3309C and the lowest in M/110R. In summary, the drought resistance of different scion/rootstock combinations grapevine mainly depended on the variety of rootstock. 110R had a higher drought-resistance than 420A and 3309C. Comparing with unilateral irrigation, bilateral alternative irrigation had lesser damage to grapevine, being a profitable water-saving irrigation technique.

关 键 词：葡萄 砧木 接穗 部分根区干旱 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S661.1[农业科学—园艺学]