南京市城市土壤水分入渗特征  

Characteristics of water infiltration in urban soils of Nanjing City

作　　者：杨金玲[1] 张甘霖[1] 袁大刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第2期363-368,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40235054);中国科学院知识创新工程方向性资助项目(KZCX3-SW-427)

摘　　要：采用双环法测定了南京市代表性的土地利用类型下土壤的水分入渗率,研究了不同压实程度下土壤的入渗特征.结果表明:南京市不同压实程度土壤的入渗能力差异较大;土壤压实越严重,其容重越大、孔隙度越小,土壤入渗率越小;严重压实的土壤中存在水分入渗的限制层,致使稳定入渗率明显降低;土壤初始入渗率与稳定入渗率的差异较大,两者之间存在显著的线性相关关系.研究区土壤稳定入渗率的分布范围非常广(1～679mm.h-1),这与城市土壤的压实、结构状况以及粗骨性砾石的存在密切相关.城市土壤入渗率的减小导致地表径流系数以及发生洪涝的几率和强度增大.By using dual-ring method, this paper measured the water infiltration rate in urban soils under representative land use patterns in Nanjing City, and studied the characteristics of water infiltration in the soils with different compaction degree. The results showed that there was a great difference in the infiltration rate among the soils with different compactness. Soil infiltration rate decreased with increasing bulk density and decreasing porosity, and the water-transport-limiting layer existed in heavily compacted soils resulted in a dramatic decrease of final stabilized infiltration rate. There was a significant linear relationship between the initial and final infiltration rates in the same soil though their absolute values had a great difference. The urban soils in Nanjing City had a wide range of final infiltration rate varied from 1 mm · h^-1 to 679 mm ·h^-1, which was highly related to the soil compactness, structural status, and skeleton grain contents. The decrease of urban soil infiltration rate could induce the increase of runoff and of the probability and intensity of flooding.

关 键 词：城市土壤 入渗 压实 径流系数 城市生态 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]