国外稻种资源对我国水稻生产的贡献  

Contribution of foreign germplasm to rice production in China.

作　　者：李海明[1] 胡瑞法[2] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院商学院,广东湛江524048 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所农业政策研究中心,北京100101

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2008年第1期65-72,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：湛江师范学院重点科研资助项目(ZW0603);国家杰出青年基金资助项目(70325003)

摘　　要：通过分析中国25个水稻主产省区21年(1982—2002年)主要品种的亲缘关系和遗传构成,研究国外稻种资源,特别是国际水稻所与日本稻种资源对中国水稻遗传贡献的时空变化及对中国水稻生产的经济影响.结果表明,国外稻种资源对中国水稻单产起到促进作用.国际水稻所遗传贡献率每增加1%,中国水稻单产将提高21%;日本稻种资源遗传贡献每增加1%,水稻单产将提高20%;其他国家的遗传贡献每增加1%,中国水稻单产将提高16%.政府应支持和鼓励研究人员大量引进国外稻种资源,加强对该种质的研究、开发与利用,更好地为中国水稻生产发展提供资源储备.Genetic contribution of foreign germplasm （particularly those from IRRI and Japan） and their economic impacts on China＇s rice production were evaluated by analyzing varieties＇ pedigree information from 25 major rice-producing provinces in China from 1982 to 2002. The results indicated that foreign germplasm resources played important roles in the rice production in China. The yield of rice increased by 21% as the genetic contribution of IRRI germplasm resources increased by 1% ; increased by 20% as the contribution of Japan germplasm resources increased by 1%; and increased by 16% as the contribution of other countries germplasm resources increased by 1%. The government should encourage breeders to pay more attention to the use and improvement of foreign germplasm resources.

关 键 词：水稻 稻种资源 遗传多样性 国际水稻所 日本 水稻单产 

分 类 号：S322.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种]