海藻酸钠和壳聚糖聚电解质微胶囊及其生物医学应用  

Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Prepared by Alginate and Chitosan for Biomedical Application

作　　者：刘袖洞[1] 于炜婷[1] 王为[1] 雄鹰[1] 马小军[1] 袁权[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所

出　　处：《化学进展》2008年第1期126-139,共14页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20736006、30472102);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2002CB713804、2005CB5227022、007CB714305)资助

摘　　要：本文综述了天然多糖聚电解质海藻酸钠和壳聚糖的结构与化学性能(包括凝胶性能、生物相容性、生物可降解性及温和反应性);微胶囊制备技术及其强度性能和膜渗透性评价方法;微胶囊作为细胞载体在体内分泌治疗性物质(如:胰岛素、多巴胺)或分解代谢毒性物质(如:尿素),作为三维药物筛选系统、干细胞增殖分化研究工具,以及药物释放载体等生物医学领域的研究进展;最后讨论了天然多糖微胶囊在研究与应用中需要解决的问题。This review highlights the progress in the structure （alginate and chitosan） including gel formation, biocompatibility, bi and chemical properties of natural polysacchafides odegradability and mild reaction ability; preparation technologies of microcapsules （polyelectrolyte complexation/polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer self assembly ）, and the evaluation methods on microcapsule＇ s mechanical and permeable properties; microcapsules entrapping cells secreting therapeutics （such as insulin and dopamine） or decomposing toxic metabolites （such as urea） in vivo, microcapsules serving as three-dimensional drug screening systems and microenvironment for the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, microcapsules serving as the drug carriers for controlled release. Finally, the challenge and problem for the development of microcapsules are discussed.

关 键 词：海藻酸钠 壳聚糖 聚电解质 微胶囊 细胞移植 细胞培养 药物输送 

分 类 号：O636.1[理学—高分子化学] TB383[理学—化学]