1997-2006年宜昌市钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析  

An epidemiological analysis on leptospirosis in Yichang city from 1997 to 2006

作　　者：杨小兵[1] 徐勇[1] 彭磊[1] 贺圆圆[1] 魏巍[1] 刘军[1] 严薇荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省宜昌市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治所,宜昌443000 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院流行病与卫生统计学系

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2008年第1期58-60,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的通过对宜昌市1997—2006年钩端螺旋体病（钩体病）发病情况分析，为制定预防和控制措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析宜昌市1997—2006年钩体病的发病情况，揭示其流行病学特征。结果1997—2006年宜昌市累计发生钩体病病例526例，死亡18例，年均发病率为1．32／10万。高发人群为20～50岁年龄组男性青壮年，尤其是田间耕作的农民；高发季节为每年的8—9月；各地区发病不均，以枝江地区平均发病率最高。结论宜昌市1997—2006年钩体病发病率总体上呈下降趋势，但应继续开展监测工作，警惕因恶劣天气引起的雨水型和洪水型钩体病的暴发流行；加强灭鼠工作，强化预防接种，提高易感人群免疫力，控制钩体病的发生和流行。Objective To provide the measures for disease control and prevention through the analysis of leptospirosis in Yichang from 1997 to 2006. Methods The descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of leptospirosis and to understand the epidemiological characters. Results There were 526 cases of leptospirosis, 18 of which were died and the annual incidence was 1.32/lakh in Yichang from 1997 to 2006. The high-risk group was the males aged from 20 to 50 years old, especially the peasants. And the peak periods were August and September, while there were different incidence in different zones and the highest was Zhijiang. Conclusion The incidence trend of leptospirosis was generally downward in Yichang from 1997 to 2006. However, it should continually strengthen surveillance to avoid outbreak of the rain-water-type and flood-type leptospirosis caused by bad weather. And it was important for the control and prevention of leptospirosis to enforce deratization and enhance the susceptible herd immunity by vaccination.

关 键 词：钩端螺旋体病 流行病学分析 人兽共患传染病 

分 类 号：R377.5[医药卫生—病原生物学]