残奥会轮椅乒乓球运动员攻防动作的力学分析  

Biomechanical Analysis of Attack-Defense Performance of Disable Olympic wheelchair Ping-Pang Player

作　　者：单信海[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学体育学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2008年第1期105-108,共4页Zhejiang Sport Science

基　　金：中国残疾人联合会2008年奥运会攻关课题资助

摘　　要：通过对国家队多名乒乓球轮椅运动员对抗性训练时的攻防动作的观察,结合力学原理进行分析,发现:在轮椅乒乓球比赛中,在进攻方面——在大力扣杀时,执拍手的加速运动所产生的惯性力会使轮椅产生旋转,形成人体——轮椅系统绕垂直轴的相向运动;挥臂的转动半径越大,转动惯量就大,启动就慢;挥臂的转动半径小,击球速度就慢,反之就大。在防守方面——存在一个防守"小三角",即在球台靠近网与边线的交界处,有两个呈三角形的区域,也可叫轮椅乒乓球的死角区;小三角的大小与运动员手臂的长短、轮椅的位置、用力的方式等诸多因素有关。在实战中,在初始选位时,运动员可根据自身的特点以及对手的情况,对轮椅进行适当的左右位置的调整。Through observing the attack-defense performances of many national Wheelchair ping-pang players during their training and competitions, it was found that, in attack aspect, during energetic smashing, inertia force produced by holding hand acceleration will make the wheelchair whirling , coursing the humanchair system has a countermovement turning around the perpendicular axes; The longer the radius of the hand, the larger the turning inertial, thus the slower the beginning of hand movement; On the other hand, the shorter the radius of the hand, the slower of the smashing speed, others will be faster. In the defense aspect, there is a defense ＂small triangle＂, or the dead area, which is located just near the net and the outside edge of the table; The area of the small triangle is related to some factors, such as the length of the player＇ s hand, the position of the wheelchair, and the method of using the force. It was suggested that, during the practice, the player could adjust appropriately the inertial wheelchair position according to his/her characteristic and the opponent condition.

关 键 词：残奥会 乒乓球 轮椅 力学分析 

分 类 号：G804.66[文化科学—运动人体科学]