无线传感器网络中节点非均匀分布的能量空洞问题  

The Energy Hole Problem of Nonuniform Node Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：吴小兵[1] 陈贵海[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学软件新技术国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《计算机学报》2008年第2期253-261,共9页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展规划项目基金(2006CB303000);国家自然科学基金(60573131;60673154;60721002);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2005208;BG2007039)资助

摘　　要：节点非均匀分布策略能缓解无线传感器网络中的能量空洞问题.文中从理论上探讨这种策略,证明在节点非均匀分布的圆形网络中,如果节点持续向Sink节点发送数据,能量空洞现象将无法避免,而当节点数目满足一定关系时,网络中能够实现次优能耗均衡.文中提出一种节点非均匀分布策略及相应的路由算法用于实现这种次优能耗均衡.模拟结果显示网络生存周期终止时,处于网络内部的节点几乎达到了能耗均衡.The nonuniform node distribution strategy can be used to mitigate the energy hole problem in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the authors investigate the theoretical aspects of the nonuniform node distribution strategy in multi-hop wireless sensor networks, and prove that in a circular sensor network with nonuniform node distribution and constant data reporting, the unbalanced energy depletion among the nodes in the whole network is unavoidable. In spite of this fact, suboptimal energy efficiency among the inner parts of the network is possible if the number of nodes in the network is quantified and meets some conditions. The authors propose a novel nonuniform node distribution strategy based on their analysis and a routing algorithm coupling with the proposed node distribution strategy for achieving the suboptimal energy efficiency. Simulation results show that when the network lifetime ends, the inner coronas nearly attain balanced energy depletion.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 能量空洞 节点非均匀分布 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]