测量密立根油滴的平衡电压  

Measuring the balance voltage of Milliken oil-drop

作　　者：胡杰[1] 徐志洁[1] 安长星[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳理工大学理学院,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《物理实验》2008年第1期33-36,共4页Physics Experimentation

摘　　要：通过分析密立根油滴的受力情况和运动状态,推导出仪器显示电压不等于油滴平衡电压时油滴的运动规律.当判断仪器显示电压是平衡电压时需要等待一段时间让油滴静止不动,这段等待时间的长短难有统一的标准.而用在密立根油滴受电场力的作用下,测量油滴运动确定距离的时间计算平衡电压.By analyzing the forces and motions of Milliken oil-drop, the motion laws of the droplet is deduced when the voltage shown on the panel is not equivalent to the real balance voltage. A period of time is needed for the droplet to approach stationary state if we want to judge whether the two volt-ages are equal, but the time period is difficult to identify. We advised that by measuring the time spent by the droplet to move a certain distance in the electric field, the balance voltage could be calculated.

关 键 词：密立根油滴 平衡电压 平衡状态 加速过程 测量顺序 初始条件 

分 类 号：O4-34[理学—物理]