播期对优质小麦籽粒灌浆特性及旗叶光合特性的影响  

Characteristics of grain filling and flag leaf photosynthesis of high quality wheat under different planting dates

作　　者：裴雪霞[1] 王姣爱[1] 党建友[1] 张定一[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,临汾041000

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第1期121-128,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A02-08)资助

摘　　要：采用裂区设计,研究了播期对强筋小麦"临优145"和中筋小麦"临优2018"籽粒灌浆进程中粒重、蛋白质含量、籽粒产量、蛋白质产量、旗叶叶绿素相对含量及净光合速率的影响,并探明了它们间的相关性。结果表明:不同播期下优质小麦灌浆进程及蛋白质含量符合一元三次方程,分别呈"慢-快-慢"的"S"型和"高-低-高"的"V"型变化;开花后23 d蛋白质含量最低;蛋白质产量随灌浆进程呈持续上升趋势。随播期推迟,优质小麦最大粒重、最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率及起始生长势提高,灌浆持续期和有效灌浆持续期延长,旗叶叶面积、叶绿素相对含量和净光合速率提高,产量呈先升高后降低趋势,并以10月9日最高。相关性分析表明,灌浆速率与千粒重极显著正相关,"临优145"有效灌浆持续期与千粒重显著正相关,"临优2018"有效灌浆持续期与千粒重间相关性不显著。A field experiment involving two genotypes of winter wheat, ＂Linyou 145＂ and ＂Linyou 2018＂, sown on four different dates（25 September,2 October,9 October,and 16 October） ,was conducted to investigate the effect of planting date on dynamics of kernel weight, protein content, grain yield, protein yield, flag leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate during grain filling. Results show that dynamic kernel weight change and protein content against time（ days after anthesis） follow third-order concave curves,S-like curve of ＂slow-fast-slow＂, and V-like curve of ＂high-low-high＂, respectively. Protein content is lowest during the first twenty-three days after anthesis ,while protein yield continuously increases during filling stage. Highest kernel weight, maximal filling rate（Rmax ） ,average filling rate（R）and starting weight potential（ CO ） of high quality wheat grain increase with the delay of sowing date. Furthermore, filling duration （S） and effective filling duration （Se） prolong simultaneously; flag leaf area, relative chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate（Pn） increase. High quality wheat yield increases with the delay of sowing date before 9 October, but decreases with latter dates. Filling rate has a significant positive relationship with 1000-kernel weight. Effective filling duration of ＂Linyou 145＂ has positive relationship with 1000-kernel weight,whereas effective filling duration of ＂Linyou 2018＂ is insignificantly positively related with 1000-kernel weight.

关 键 词：播期 优质小麦 灌浆特性 粒重 蛋白质含量与产量 光合特性 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S352.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]