火车运行噪声对铁路两侧居民健康影响的调查  

An Investigation on the Effects of Train Noise on the Health of the Residents Living beside the Railway

作　　者：魏保祥[1] 顾社潮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京铁路局中心卫生防疫站

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》1997年第3期119-121,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：为探讨火车运行噪声对铁路两侧居民健康影响，对长年居住在铁路两侧的４８６名居民及其声环境调查结果表明：６个小区抽测的１小时ｌｅｑ为６６．６～７５．４ｄＢ（Ａ）；２个小区Ｌｄ为７０．８～７３．１ｄＢ（Ａ）、Ｌｎ为６７．７～６９．４ｄＢ（Ａ）；传至３２处居室的鸣笛瞬时声级为８６．１～１０２．５ｄＢ（Ａ）。居民干扰反应和噪声级有很高的相关系数；铁路两侧居民的心理症状和神经衰弱症状出现率均高于对照组。在不同人群烦恼度分析中，非健康者的高烦恼率非常显著高于健康者，昼夜阈值低于健康者３～５ｄＢ（Ａ）。In order to explore the effect of train travlling noise on the residents living along the railway,an investigation on 486 residents and their sound environment was carried out.It showed that the Leq measured in six housing estates in an hour was 66.6￣75.4dB(A);the Ld and the Ln measured in two housing estates were 70.8￣73.1dB(A) and 67.7￣69.4dB(A) respectively;and the instant sound level of the train noise transmittied to thirty two houses was 86.1￣102.5dB(A).The correlation coefficient between the inferference reaction of the residents and the sound level was very high.The prevalence of psychology and neurasthenic symptoms of residents who lived beside the railway were both higher than those of the control group.The annoyance rate of unhealthy people was significantly higher than that of healthy people and the day night threshold was lower 3￣5dB(A)than that of healthy people.

关 键 词：火车噪声 声环境 居民 健康影响 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]