管道泄漏检测中瞬变流非恒定摩阻模型的研究  

Study of unsteady friction models in transient flow for leak detection

作　　者：郭新蕾[1] 郭永鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水力学所,北京100038

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2008年第1期42-47,共6页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50679085);国家社会公益专项基金(126301041003);中国水利水电科学研究院专项基金(水集05KY01)

摘　　要：基于瞬变流反问题分析,管道泄漏检测首先需要准确模拟管道的非恒定流。非恒定摩阻和管道泄漏两个因素都直接影响着瞬变水击波形的畸变和衰减特性。本文详述了近年来几种代表性的非恒定摩阻模型,并根据实际工程需要研究了与瞬时加速度相关的IAB模型,给出了离散网格和求解方法,将其应用于文献数据和物理模型试验,压力波形对比表明该模型比传统水击模型更能精确的模拟水击波的衰减,但是鉴于实际水击过程中壁面切应力的复杂性,此模型仍然不能完全真实的反映水击实测波形的全貌,IAB模型中的摩阻系数仍需要现场率定。The accurate simulation of transient is an essential requirement for the successful calibration of leak detection. Based on inverse transient analysis, transient are damped by both the unsteady friction and the pipe leaks. Three representational unsteady models in recent years are expatiated in this paper. Considering engineering requirement, the one-dimensional unsteady friction model, namely the instantaneous acceleration-based model（IAB） is studied. The discrete grid and its calculation method are presented, this model is applied to the literature data and physical model tests. The experimental pressures are compared to a water hammer model with using conventional steady representation of head loss, the IAB model demonstrates the superior ability of decay in pressure peak. However, some details of the experimental pressure reponse are still not accurately reproduced due to the complexity of the wall shear stress in the practical process. So the Brunone parameter in the IAB model still needs to be calibrated.

关 键 词：水力学 瞬变流模型 数值模拟 摩阻 泄漏检测 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]