稻直立穗型性状分子标记开发及籼稻直立穗型育种探讨  

Exploitation of molecular markers for erect panicle trait and study on breeding Indica erect panicle varieties in rice

作　　者：陈英之[1,4] 韦绍丽[1,4] 刘驰[3] 周维永[1,3] 马增凤[1,3] 黄大辉[1,3] 刘亚利[1,4] 陈乔[1,4] 杨新庆[3] 杨朗[1] 白德朗[2] 李容柏[1,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [3]广西农业科学院水稻研究所,广西南宁530007 [4]广西大学农学院,广西亚热带生物资源保护利用重点实验室,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2008年第1期6-11,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科学基金(桂科回0575004);广西农业科学院科技发展基金[2004001(Z)];国家“863”项目(2006AA10Z1C5);广西科技创新能力与条件建设项目(桂科能05112001-1A1)

摘　　要：直立穗型基因是水稻中与株型相关的有重要利用价值的基因。通过对直立穗型的性状遗传、籼稻直立穗型与弯穗型品系的性状比较、基因的分子标记开发和杂交后代的标记辅助选择进行分析研究，结果表明，直立穗无论在粳稻还是在籼稻遗传背景中均表现为单基因不完全显性遗传，显性度达到73．3％-93．7％。直立穗型基因与第9染色体上的SSR标记RM566、RM24423和RM7048紧密连锁，图距分别为5．8、0．43和0．85cM，用这3个标记对杂交后代辅助育种选择的准确率在66．7％-100％之间，其中RM24423辅助选择的准确率为100％。与弯穗型杂交后代育种品系比较，籼稻直立穗型品系株高和穗长略短、穗数略少，每穗粒数和着粒密度均增加且达显著水平，结实率、千粒重和产量均降低，但只有结实率达显著水平。因此，育种上可依据这些性状效应来探索直立穗型籼稻的株型设计和品种培育的新途径。Erect panicle （EP） gene was the one with great practice value related to plant type in rice. In this research program, inheritance of the EP,exploitation of molecular markers for the gene,marker-assisted selection （MAS） for the trait in the hybrid progenies and the comparison of the characters between erect and bended panicle breeding lines were studied. Results indicated that the EP trait was incompletely dominant single gene inheritance with dominant effect up to 73.3 % -93.7 %. The EP gene was found to be close linkage with SSR markers RM566,RM24423 and RM7048 with map distances 5.8,0. 43 and 0.85cM. Exploiting the three markers for maker-assisted selection （MAS） showed a correct select rate of 66.7 % - 100 % for the EP trait and the rate reached as high as 100 % by use of RM24423 for the MAS in the breeding progenies. As compared with the bended panicle type breeding lines, the EP lines selected presented little shorter in plant height,lower number of effect panicles and shorter panicle length; significantly larger grain number per panicle and higher density of spikelets in the panicle ;significantly lower filled grain rate and a little but not significant lower 1000-grain weight and single-plant yield in the Indica rice. Therefore,designing ideal Indica EP plant type against the EP effect in these characters and researching the breeding methods would be a significant step for breeding Indica EP varieties.

关 键 词：籼稻 直立穗型 分子标记 标记辅助选择 育种 

分 类 号：S511.031[农业科学—作物学]