论清朝闭关政策对国内经济的影响  

On Closed-door Policy and Its Influence to Domestic Economy

作　　者：王建花[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《中北大学学报（社会科学版）》2008年第1期7-10,共4页Journal of North University of China：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：通过论述清朝前期具有保守主义性质的闭关政策的内容,说明闭关政策是封建专制和蒙昧主义的产物。它的主要内容不是为限制外商而制订的公行制度和《防范外夷条例》,而是对国内人民在经济、文化上的限制。其主要目的是保护小农经济,防止封建经济解体,以维护封建统治者的专制统治。通过论述闭关政策对国内工商业和资本主义发展的阻碍作用以及对航海、外贸的影响,来证明闭关政策总体上是保守落后的,是近代中国经济逐渐落伍的主要原因之一。This paper, based on the analysis of the contents of the conservative closed-door policy in the early stage of Qing Dynasty, demonstrates that closed-door policy was the outcome of feudalism and obscurantism. Its ＂Gong Hang＂ System and Regulation of Guarding against Foreigners were to limit native people on economy and culture instead of limiting the foreign merchants. Its main purpose was to protect feudal economy and strengthen the autocratic rule of the feudal ruler. By analyzing the obstructive effect of closed-door policy on the native handicraft, commerce and capitalism development, and the influence on navigation and foreign trade, this paper concludes that the closed-door policy was conservative and backward, and it was one of the main reasons why China fell behind in the modern world.

关 键 词：闭关政策 封建经济 资本主义 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]