我国职业中毒的现状分析及防治对策  

Status analysis and control proposal of occupational poisoning in China

作　　者：丁洁瑾[1] 孙宝林[1] 郝鹏鹏[1] 丁晨阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学安全与环境工程学院,北京100026

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2008年第1期63-66,共4页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑重点项目(编号:2006BAK05B01-02-01)资助

摘　　要：目的：探讨我国职业病、职业中毒的发病趋势，为职业病相关法律法规的完善提供依据。方法：对近9年（1998～2006年）卫生部公布的全国职业病报告进行了统计分析。结果：（1）近年来，我国职业病发病例数居高不下，1998～1999年，职业病发病总数较为平稳，2000～2002年职业病发病总数明显上升，2006年职业病发病例数又有反弹趋势；（2）在各类职业病中，职业中毒始终占有很大比例13％～20％；（3）在职业中毒中，慢性职业中毒发病例数约是急性职业中毒例数的两倍。结论：（1）职业中毒发病趋势与我国经济发展和国家对职业病的监管力度紧密相关；（2）完善法律法规、加大监管力度是防治职业中毒的重要环节。To analysis occupational disease and occupational poisoning accidents reported in China between 1998 and 2006, and to study the characteristics of occupational disease and occupational poisoning accidents and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control strategies, the national occupational disease data reported by Ministry Health of the People＇ s Republic of China were analyzed by statistics methods. Results showed that （ 1 ） As for occupational disease accidents, there were a micro fluctuation from 1998 to 1999, an apparent increasing from 2000 to 2002, and a bounce-back trend in 2006, in the past nine years. （2） A large proportion （13% - 20% ） of occupational disease accidents are occupational poisoning accidents. （3） As for occupational poisoning accidents, chronic occupational poisoning accidents are about twice more than accurate occupational poisoning accidents. Some conclusions were made that （ 1 ） The trend of occupational poisoning is closely correlated with economy development and national regulatory. （2） As for occupational poisoning control, it is very important to consummate laws and to strengthen the supervision on poisoning.

关 键 词：职业病 职业中毒 防治对策 

分 类 号：X965[环境科学与工程—安全科学]