电动轮自卸车电制动系统设计与制动效能分析  

Design of an Electric Braking System for Motor Wheel Dumper and Its Efficiency Analysis

作　　者：杨洋[1] 张文明[1] 梁希民 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学 [2]北京首钢重型汽车制造厂

出　　处：《工程机械》2008年第2期44-46,4,共3页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAB11B03)

摘　　要：矿用电动轮自卸车的制动系统与传统机械式自卸车相比有很大区别。以北京科技大学与首钢重型汽车制造厂联合研制开发的170t交-直式矿用电动轮自卸车作为实际工程背景,介绍了电动轮制动系统的组成以及基本工作情况,并阐述了辅助电制动系统的基本设计原理。根据电机厂给出的实测数据,绘制轮边电机在空载情况下的自然速率特性曲线。以车辆制动总距离作为衡量制动效能的依据,将主回路的最大允许电流值作为主要设计参数。自低到高,采用不同的主回路限流值,具体分析主回路实际工作情况,分别绘制整个电制动过程车辆轮边电机的电流和转矩曲线图。计算车辆以30km/h车速开始实施电制动,直到最后停止的总制动距离,最终确定设计参数。提出1种相对简便的方法衡量矿用电动轮自卸汽车实际制动效能,为交—直式电动轮辅助电制动系统的设计提供理论参考。Compared with traditional mechanical type dumper, electric braking system of motor wheel mine dumper presents a great difference. Under a practical engineering background of 170t AC-DC type motor wheel mine dumper combined developed by Beijing Science University and Heavy Truck Manufacturer of Capital Steel Group, basic composition and principle of braking system for motor wheels are explained and basic design principle of secondary electric braking system is also described. According to the real test data from electric motor factory, rim motor's characteristic curve of natural speed is plotted under empty load. Overall braking distance of the vehicle is taken as an evaluation of braking effectiveness and the electric current permitted in main circuit is adopted as main design parameter. From low to high, different limit current values are taken to analyze practical work condition of main circuit; current curve and torque curve of the rim motor are plotted respectively in complete electric braking procedure. An overall braking distance from 30km/h travel speed to stop is calculated and design parameters are determined at last. A relatively simple method to assess practical braking efficiency of motor wheel mine dumper is suggested. All above provides a theoretical reference for the design of secondary braking system.

关 键 词：电动轮 电制动 制动效能 

分 类 号：U469.4[机械工程—车辆工程] U463.5[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]