新型微晶炭的结构与电化学电容特性  

Structure and Electrochemical Capacitive Behavior of Novel Crystallite Carbon

作　　者：时志强[1] 陈明鸣[1] 赵朔[1] 王成扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,绿色合成与转化教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2008年第2期237-242,共6页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

摘　　要：以炭化的石油焦为原料,采用KOH活化法制备了新型微晶炭;采用N2吸附法、X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对其孔结构、微晶结构和微结构进行表征,并研究了微晶炭电极在1mol·L-1Et4NBF4/PC有机电解液中的电容特性.结果表明,微晶炭含有大量的较为完整的类石墨晶,微晶的平均层间距d002为0.377nm;具有比活性炭低的比表面积(130.7m2·g-1)和更明显的晶体特性.微晶炭依靠电解质离子嵌入类石墨晶层间存储能量,具有高达110.6F·g-1的放电比电容和27.5Wh·kg-1的比能量,并具有大于1.2kW·kg-1的比功率和良好的循环性能,是一种具有实用化潜力的新型炭电极材料.A novel crystallite carbon （NCC） was prepared by KOH activation of carbonized petroleum coke precursors. The porous structure, crystallite structure, and microstructure were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） measurements, respectively. The capacitive behavior of the NCC electrodes was also examined with 1 mol ·L^-1 tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate （Et4NBF4） solution in propylene carbonate （PC）. It was found that the NCC was composed of much well-grown graphitelike crystallite with average interlayer spacing （d002） of 0.377 nm. The NCC had lower surface area （130.7 m^2· g^-1） and more distinct crystal character than activated carbon （AC）. The energy storage for the NCC depended on the intercalation of electrolyte ions into graphite-like crystallite layers. The specific capacitance of the NCC was 110.6 F· g^-1, showing specific energy of 27.5 Wh· kg^-1, specific power of over 1.2 kW·kg^-1 and excellent cycle stability. Therefore, the crystallite carbon is a promising candidate for novel electrode material.

关 键 词：微晶炭 类石墨晶 孔结构 嵌入 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]