微胚乳超高油玉米籽粒胚乳消减及油分积累的规律  

Law of Grain Embryo Subtraction and Oil Accumulation in Micro-endosperm Superhigh Oil Corn

作　　者：田树云[1] 张亚平[1] 吴子恺[1] 梁彩梅[1] 陆海峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第3期950-952,954,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671307);教育部高校博士学科专项科研基金(20040593004)

摘　　要：[目的]研究微胚乳超高油玉米籽粒胚乳消减和油分积累规律。[方法]以高油玉米115为对照，研究2种微胚乳超高油玉米籽粒的胚、胚乳、种皮及相应油分的积累规律。[结果]微胚乳超高油玉米在籽粒发育过程中胚乳干重在发育的第27d达最大，第37d消减基本结束；胚的重量一直增加，种子成熟时和胚乳的重量相当；整粒干重第32d达最大。3个玉米品种授粉后的种皮干重一直增加，第32d基本稳定。整粒油分37d前一直增加，之后趋于稳定。微胚乳超高油玉米胚乳的油分在17～27d增加较慢，27～37d增加迅速，37d到成熟期下降，比高油115的高很多；胚的油分在17～27d增加，27d到成熟期略下降。高油玉米115胚和胚乳的重量一直增加，胚乳的油分一直很低，胚的油分在17～27d增加。[结论]该研究为微胚乳超高油玉米的籽粒胚乳消减机理研究提供了参考。[Objective] The purpose was to study the law of grain embryo subtraction and oil accumulation in micro-endosperm super-high oil corn. [ Method] With high oil corn 115 as CK, the embryo, endosperm, seed capsule and the accumulation law of their corresponsive oil in grains of 2 varieties of micro-endosperm super-high oil corn were studied. [ Result] In the grain development course of micro-endosperm super-high oil corn, the dry weight of endosperm reached the waximum on the 27th day of grain development with subtraction ending basically on the 37th day;the embryo weight always increased and was equivalent to endosperm weight when the seeds matured;the dry weight of whole grain reached the maximum on the 32nd day. The dry weights of seed capsules of 3 corn varieties always increased since polination and were basically steady on the 32nd day, and the oil in whole grain always increased before the 37th day, and then tend to be steady. The endosperm oil of micro-endosperm super-high oil corn increased more slowly in 17 - 27 d, increased rapidly in 27 - 37 d and decreased from the 37th day to mature period, with oil content being much higher than that in high oil corn ll5;the embryo oil increased in 17- 27 d and decreased a little from the 27th day to mature period. The embryo and endosperm weights of high oil corn 115 always increased. The oil content in endosperm was always very low and increased in embryo in 17 - 27 d. [ Conclusion] The research provided reference for studying the grain embryo subtraction mechanism of micro-endosperm super-high oil com.

关 键 词：微胚乳超高油玉米 籽粒生长 干重 油分 积累规律 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]