长输管线气体泄漏率简化计算方法  

A SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR CALCULATING LONG-DISTANCE PIPELINE LEAKAGE RATE

作　　者：王大庆[1] 霍春勇[2] 高惠临[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学,陕西西安710065 [2]中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所

出　　处：《天然气工业》2008年第1期116-118,共3页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:50374056)项目的资助

摘　　要：管道因穿孔或爆裂而导致的泄漏是长输管线风险的主要来源,而气体泄漏率是评估管线风险后果的一项重要参数。通过对现有气体泄漏率计算模型的研究,提出了采用满足管内亚临界流、孔口临界流状态下的相关方程与管道模型相结合的方法来计算不同泄漏孔径下气体的泄漏率。使用该方法不但可以避免判断流型的复杂过程,而且不会面临因出现孔口亚临界流而导致泄漏率的求解不便,是一种简化计算方法。实例分析结果表明,在不同的起始压力下或泄漏发生于距管线起点不同距离处,采用该方法来计算泄漏率是有效可行的。The leakage caused by puncture and rupture is a major risk for the long-distance pipeline.The gas leakage rate is an important parameter in assessing the result of the pipeline risk.On the basis of the studies of the calculation model for gas leakage rate,this article proposed a new method for calculating the leakage rate under different apertures.This new method combines pipeline model with relevant equations under conditions of inner-pipe sub-critical flow and aperture critical flow.The method could ward off the complicated flow pattern judging process.Moreover,it can also avoid difficulties in solving the gas leakage rate when it is confronted with aperture sub-critical flow.Therefore,it is obviously a simplified calculation method.According to the findings of case study,this method is efficient in calculating gas leakage rate under the condition of different initial pressures or at different distances from the initial point.

关 键 词：长输管道 气体 泄漏 计算方法 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]