中华山蝠的生长发育及年龄估算  

Postnatal growth and age estimation in villus noctule (Nyctalus velutinus)

作　　者：石红艳[1] 刘昊[1] 吴毅[2] 胡锦矗[3] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院珍稀动物生态与系统进化研究所,绵阳621000 [2]广州大学生命科学学院,广州510006 [3]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,南充637002

出　　处：《兽类学报》2008年第1期42-48,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39770109);四川省教育厅青年基金资助项目(2002B28)

摘　　要：1997年5～9月,采用标志重捕法对中华山蝠的生长发育进行研究,共观察幼蝠388只次(雄性184只次,雌性204只次),结果显示:中华山蝠幼蝠20d前体重和前臂长均呈直线增长,日平均生长率分别为0.57g/d与1.36mm/d,回归方程为:体重=3.05+0.57×日龄,前臂长=15.49+1.36×日龄。20d后增长减慢,大约5周龄后开始飞行,初飞幼蝠与成体的体重差异显著,前臂长与成蝠差异不显著。中华山蝠幼体生长与Logistic、Von Bertalanffy及Compertz3种生长曲线模型的拟合度均较高,R2值超过0.93。前臂长的增长用Logistic曲线拟合最合适,体重的增长用Von Bertalanffy曲线拟合最合适。根据前臂长以及第四掌骨与指骨间软骨的发育模式,得到出生后1～76d幼蝠的年龄鉴定方程式。当前臂长≤43.32mm时,日龄=-10.77+0.71×前臂长;当前臂长>43.32mm时,日龄=71.10-9.89×第四掌骨与指骨间软骨长。From May to September in 1997, the postnatal growth of villus noctule （Nyctalus velutinus） was investigated by the method of mark-recapture on the campus of China West Normal University. Three hundred and eighty-eight young bats （ 184 males and 204 females, including recaptured ones） were observed and measured. At birth, young N. velutinus were naked and pink, with closed eyes and folded pinnae. Length of forearm and body mass for 1-day-old pups averaged 17. 18 ± 1.12 mm and 3.73 ±0. 46 g, equivalent to 33.3 % and 18.0 % of the value of adults respectively. The forearm length and body mass increased in a linear pattern before day 20 at mean growth rates of 36mm/d and 0. 57g/d respectively. The regression equation is length of forearm = 15.49 ＋ 1.36 × age days and body mass = 3.05 ＋0. 57 × age days. Subsequently the growth reached stability. Forearm length and body weight reached 95.37% and 80. 4% of adults in the fifth week after parturition when pups began to fly clumsily. The length of the total epiphyseal gap of the fourth metacarpal-phalangeal joint increased until 15 days, then decreased linearly until 76 days and thereafter closed. Of the three nonlinear growth models （ Logistic, Von Bertalanffy and Compertz） , the logistic equation provides the best fit to empirical curves for length of fore- ann, while the Von Bertalanffy equation provides the best fit to empirical curves for body mass. The equation of determining the age of N. velutinus between 1 and 76 days was found based on linear changes observed either in the length of forearm or in the length of epiphyseal gap of the 4th metacarpal-phalangeal joint. When forearm length was ≤43.32 mm, age = - 10. 77 ＋ 0. 71 × length of forearm, when forearm length was 〉 43.32 mm, age = 71.10 - 9. 89 × the length of fourth epiphyseal gap of the 4th metacarpal-phalangeal joint.

关 键 词：中华山蝠 生长发育 标志重捕 掌骨与指骨间软骨 年龄估算 

分 类 号：Q959.833[生物学—动物学] Q954.3