狂犬病疫苗免疫及其记忆持久性的实验研究  

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE ENDURANCE OF IMMUNIZATION AND IMMUNE MEMORY OF RABIES VACCINE.

作　　者：杨裕华[1,2] 张进贵[1,2] 苏生利 刘传新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省卫生防疫站 [2]山东省平阴县卫生防疫站

出　　处：《现代预防医学》1997年第2期189-192,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：本次实验旨在观察皮内接种（ＩＤ）０．１ｍＬ原代地鼠肾细胞培养疫苗（ＰＨＫＣＶ）后，间隔１８０天、３６５天和５４５天，再肌注ＰＨＫＣＶ所诱生的免疫回忆反应的效果，以期确定ＩＤ０．１ｍＬＰＨＫＣＶ免疫记忆持续时间。为狂犬病高危人群提供有效免疫方法，保护狂犬病短潜伏期患者。结果表明：ＩＤ非浓缩ＰＨＫＣＶ０．１ｍＬ后间隔１８０天、３６５天和５４５天再肌注ＰＨＫＣＶ，于首剂肌注后第７天、１４天和３０天的抗体阳性率分别为９６．５５％、１００％、１００％；７６．６７％、１００％、１００％和７５．８６％、１００％、１００％。上述第７天（即肌注２～３剂后）抗体阳性率显著高于常规５剂初免的抗体阳性率４０．７４％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。同时，还观察了浓缩ＰＨＫＣＶ的免疫持久性及３６５天加强免疫１剂后的免疫效果。结果提示：现行浓缩ＰＨＫＣＶ有较好的免疫持久性，ＩＤ０．１ｍＬ非浓缩ＰＨＫＣＶ后可维持免疫记忆达１．５年，且再肌注２～３剂就可产生比常规５剂初免还要好的免疫效果。The purpose of the experimental study is to observe the effect of the immune recall responses induced by intramuscular injection(IM) with concentrated Primary Hamster Kidney Cell Vaccine(PHKCV) on days 180,365 and 545 after 0 1mL nonconcentrated PHKCV was vaccinated by intradermal inoculation(ID),so as to determine the enduring time of the immune memory induced by ID 0 1mL nonconcentrated PHKCV.According to aboved mentioned,the vaccinating method in the high risk group of rabies can be developed,so that the rabies cases with a short incubation will be protected effectively on days 7 and 14 after the first dose IM.The results indicated that there were three intervals of 180,365 and 545 days between ID and IM PHKCV,the seroconversion rates were 96 55%,100%,100%(180 day);76 67%,100%,100%(365 day) and 75 86%,100%,100%(545 day) on days 7,14 and 30 after the first dose IM respectively.As mentioned,the seroconversion rates of three experimental groups were markedly higher than 40 74% of five routine doses( P <0 05) on day 7 after IM the first dose.The immune endurance and the enhancing immune effect of concentrated PHKCV on day 365 could be observed as well.The stated results prove that the concentrated PHKCV has better immune endurance and the immune memory can maintain one year and a half induced by ID 0 1mL nonconcentrated PHKCV.The immune effect inoculated by IM two to three doses on day 545 after ID 0 1mL nonconcentrated PHKCV was better than that of five routine doses as the first time vaccination.

关 键 词：狂犬病疫苗 免疫记忆 皮内接种 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学]