灰铸铁缸体切削加工性能的影响因素分析  

Analysis of Factors Influencing Cutting Machinability of Gray Iron Cylinder Blocks

作　　者：蔡启舟[1] 魏伯康[1] 周楚清[2] 喻平[2] 喻昌健[2] 田凤全[2] 陈礼年[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学材料学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]东风汽车公司铸造一厂,湖北十堰442048

出　　处：《现代铸铁》2008年第1期33-38,共6页Modern Cast Iron

摘　　要：综述了影响灰铸铁缸体切削加工性的因素,包括化学成分、熔炼及孕育处理方法、石墨和基体组织中的硬质点。认为w(C)量不是影响灰铸铁加工性能的主要因素;应严格控制w(Si)量,因为w(Si)量高使A1温度升高,珠光体片间距大、强度低;w(S)在0.08%～0.12%是有利的,而MnS与加工性的关系还有待验证。建议Cr与Mn、Si和微量Sb复合加入;w(Cu)的合理加入量在0.15%～0.25%,w(Sn)应低于0.1%,w(Sb)在0.004%～0.006%为宜。指出灰铸铁缸体铁液由冲天炉—感应炉双联熔炼为好,随流孕育对提高硬度和降低断面敏感性有一定作用;共晶团细化,虽然灰铸铁的强度和硬度增加,却并不一定恶化加工性能。The factors influencing the cutting machinability of gray iron cylinder blocks were summarized including chemical composition, melting and inoculating processes, graphite and hard particles in the matrix. It was believed that ω（C） was not the main factor influencing machinability of gray iron; the ω（Si） should be controlled strictly, because high ω（Si） would raise the critical temperature A1 and would cause widened space of the pearlite flakes and low strength; ω（S） kept in the range of 0.08%-0.12% was favourable to the machinability, however the relationship between the machinability and MnS was still to be proved. It was suggested that Cr should be added together with Mn, Si and trace amount of Sb ; the proper addition amount of ω（Cu） is in the range of 0.15%-0.25%; ω（Sn） should be lower than 0.1%, and the proper addition amount of ω（Sb） is in the range of 0.004%-0.006%. It was pointed out that the gray iron is recommended to be melted with cupola- induction furnace duplex process; the stream inoculation is favourable in some degree to increase hardness and reduce section sensitivity; although eutectic cell becoming finer would increase strength and hardness, however it does not always worsen the machinability.

关 键 词：灰铸铁 缸体 加工性 影响因素 

分 类 号：TG251[金属学及工艺—铸造] TG113.264