基于开采环境再造顶板最小安全厚度研究  

Study on the Minimum Safety Thickness of Artificial Roof Based on Reconstructing Mining Environment

作　　者：朱和玲[1] 周科平[1] 肖雄[1] 胡建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院湖南省深部资源开发与灾害控制重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2008年第1期13-17,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAB02A02)

摘　　要：针对高价值软破矿体的特殊性,设计采用开采环境再造深孔诱导崩矿充填采矿法回采,并着重对顶板最小安全厚度进行研究。首先通过结构力学解析法对顶板沉降量的计算,估算出能维持顶板稳定的厚度取值范围;然后运用FLAC3D软件建立了开采环境再造采场数值模型,并对不同厚度顶板进行模拟计算,揭示了顶板厚度对采场稳定性、应力分布以及顶板沉降量的影响规律,表明了塑性区、应力扰动范围以及沉降量都随着顶板厚度的增加而减小,且减小的幅度趋缓。以顶板沉降量为判据,模拟结果得出顶板厚度为9 m时的最大沉降量为7.67 cm,满足矿山安全要求。同时,兼顾顶板施工工艺、构筑成本和服务年限,得出顶板的最小安全厚度宜取9 m。In view of the characteristics of high-value soft and fractured ore rock, a mode of back-filling mining method had been designed with environment reconstructed deep-hole introducing caving, and the safety thickness of artificial roof had been analyzed. The settlement calculation of artificial roof was done with structural mechanics analysis method, and the scale of thickness which can maintain the artificial roof stably was obtained. The numerical models of stope based on reconstructed mining environment were built with FLAG^3D software, and a simulated calculation was made for the artificial roof with different thickness, thus the effect of roof thickness on the stope stability, the stress distribution and roof settlement have been explained, indicating the plastic zones and stress disturbed area, as well as the settlement all decrease with the increasing of thickness, but the decrease tends slowly with the increasing of the thickness of artificial roof. Taking the settlement as a criterion, the simulated results show that when the thickness is 9 m, the maximal settlement could reach 7.67 cm, which can meet the requirements for mine safety. Considering the construction technique, cost and service life, it is determined that the minimum safety thickness of the roof is 9 m.

关 键 词：复杂难采矿体 开采环境再造 安全厚度 人工顶板 FLAC^3D 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD327.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]