爆炸冲击波对大鼠血脑屏障的损害  

INJURY TO BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER IN RAT BY EXPLOSIVE BLAST

作　　者：任东青[1] 赵涛[1] 张世英[1] 曾桂英[1] 张杰[1] 王晓武[1] 郭鹞[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学军事预防医学系放射医学教研室,西安710032

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2008年第1期4-8,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军医药卫生科技"十一五"面上课题(No.06MA220);全军医药卫生科技"十五"指令性课题(No.01L069);第四军医大学科技创新工程重点项目课题(No.CX02F003)

摘　　要：目的探讨爆炸冲击波对大鼠血脑屏障结构和功能的影响,为阐明颅脑冲击伤的损伤机制和其制定防治措施提供实验依据。方法雄性SD大鼠66只,分为6组,即爆后15min、6h、12h、24h、48h组和正常对照组;采用镧示踪法观察爆炸冲击伤后大鼠BBB开放情况,用透射电镜观察其超微结构的变化;用组织干湿重称量法定量检测脑组织含水量。结果爆后15min,大鼠BBB明显开放,血管周围空泡化严重,渗出明显,随着伤后时间的延长损伤逐渐恢复,但48h后尚未完全恢复;伤后(爆后15min～24h)脑组织含水量变化与BBB改变相一致;爆后15min脑皮层血管内皮细胞及神经细胞变性明显;随着伤后时间的延长(爆后15min～48h),脑组织损伤逐渐加重。结论爆炸冲击波可引起大鼠BBB的明显开放和脑组织严重水肿。Objective To study the influence of explosive blast on the structure and function of blood-brain barrier （BBB） in rat in order to provide the experimental basis for elucidating the mechanism of craniocerebral blast injury and formulating the measures of prevention and cure. Methods Sixty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups：postburst at 15 rain, 6h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h groups and normal control group. The opening of BBB and changes in the ultrastructure of BBB after explosive blast were observed by lanthanum tracer method and transmission electron microscope, and at the same time the water content of brain tissue was analyzed quantitatively by wet and dry weighing method. Results Marked opening of BBB, vacuolization and effusion around blood vessels were found 15 rain after explosive blast. All these changes gradually subsided with the passage of time but still existed 48 h after the explosion. The change of water content in brain tissue was consistent with that in BBB. Degeneration of vascular endothelium and nerve cells were obvious 15 rain after explosion, and thereafter （ 15 rain - 48 h） the brain injury became progressively worse. Conclusion Explosive blast may induce marked opening of BBB and brain edema.

关 键 词：爆炸冲击波 血脑屏障 硝酸镧 脑水肿 

分 类 号：R826[医药卫生—临床医学]