1482例长期血液透析患者的临床分析  

Clinical characteristics of 1482 patients with long-term hemodialysis treatment

作　　者：李文歌[1] 卞维静[1] 何雯雯[1] 陈永健[1] 何明海[1] 付芳婷[1] 张凌[1] 谌贻璞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院肾病中心,北京100029

出　　处：《中日友好医院学报》2008年第1期14-16,共3页Journal of China-Japan Friendship Hospital

摘　　要：目的:通过分析我院近11年来血液透析(HD)治疗患者人群的临床特点及其演变趋势,探讨北京市及其周边地区接受HD治疗患者的临床特征。方法:回顾分析了1996年1月～2006年12月在我院进行HD治疗的慢性肾衰竭患者的年龄、原发疾病、死亡病因的构成及其演变特征。结果:1996年1月～2006年12月在我院进行HD治疗的慢性肾衰竭患者共计1482例,其中男845例,女637例,平均为51.6±16.5岁,青年(≤35岁)患者占19.8%,中年(36～59岁)患者占44.5%,老年(≥60岁)患者占35.7%,接受HD治疗患者的年龄有明显上升的趋势,2006年度HD患者平均年龄为54.4±17.2岁,显著高于1996～2000年接受HD治疗患者的平均年龄49.4±15.8岁(P<0.05)。在导致长期HD治疗患者的原发疾病中,慢性肾炎所占比率有逐年下降趋势,糖尿病则有逐年上升趋势。接受HD治疗1年以上的患者死亡共计116例,导致死亡的主要疾病仍然为心脏疾病、脑血管疾病和感染,与10年前比较无明显变化。结论:近10年来,接受HD治疗的患者人群年龄有迅速增长趋势,慢性肾炎导致的HD治疗患者人数有显著下降,而糖尿病导致的HD治疗患者则显著增加,导致长期HD患者死亡的主要疾病仍然是心脏疾病、脑血管疾病、感染和恶性肿瘤。Objective：To explore the clinical characteristics of the patients with hemodialysis treatment.Methods：The clinical characteristics of age,pathogenic diseases and death causes were retrospectively analyzed in 1482 patients receiving long-term hemodialysis treatment in China-Japan Friendship hospital from January, 1996 to December,2006.Results：Among the 1482 patients,845 were male,637 were female,mean age was 51.6±16.5 years,19.8% were young people,44.5% were middle aged,35.7% were elderly.The age of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment rises year by year,the average age were 54.4±17.2 years old in 2006,which markedly higher than 49.4±15.8 years old from 1996 to 2000 （P〈0.05）.The percentage of chronic glomerulonephritis in the pathogenic diseases of end-stage renal disease （ESRD）gradually decreases,whereas diabetes mellitus increased.Among the 116 death patients with hemodialysis treatment for more than one year,cardiovascular accidents,cerebral apoplexy,infective diseases,and cancer were the major causes of death.Conclusion：Since 1996,there have been more elder patients receiving hemodialysis treatment,and the percentage of chronic glomerulonephritis in the pathogenic diseases of ESRD has been gradually decreasing,whereas diabetes mellitus have been increasing.The major death causes of hemodialysis patients include cardiovascular accidents, cerebral apoplexy, infective diseases, and cancer.

关 键 词：血液透析 长期 临床特征 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]