热带地区石油污染土壤中降解菌的筛选  

A study on separating and selecting bacteria from the oil-polluted soil in the tropic zone

作　　者：苏增建[1] 李敏[2] 邝春兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第1期86-88,共3页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：海南大学校基金项目(Rnd0523)

摘　　要：通过对海南省儋州地区6个采集点的石油污染土壤样品的富集、分离、筛选,得到7株以石油烃为唯一生长碳源的细菌菌株。对其石油降解能力进行研究,结果表明,所有菌株均具有一定的石油降解能力。其中,s1、s4、s5、s6和s7菌株在筛选培养基中的石油降解率分别达到21.7%、93.0%、21.5%、25.0%和41.8%;在土壤中的石油降解率分别为26.3%、39.1%、25.3%、31.4%和36.7%。对菌株形态和生理生化特性进行初步鉴定,s1菌株为柄杆菌属(Caulobacter);s4、s7菌株为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas);s5、s6菌株为微球菌属(Micrococ-cusspp.)。The aim of the paper is to introduce our ways of choosing and separating suitable strains of bacteria that are able to absorb and degrade the pollution of petroleum or crude oil to the soil in the tropical areas like Danzhou, Hainan. By way of enriching the polluted soil with petroleum hydrocarbons as a sole carbon source, we have separated, collected and then identified seven bacteria strains （that is s1 to s7） from oil polluted soil from the stated area with their abilities of oil degradation. The results of our testing of the bacteria have shown that among the 7 strains of bacteria, the degradation rates of sl, s4, s5,s6 and s7 can be made to reach 21.7%, 93.0%, 21.5%, 25.0 and 41.8%, respectively. Their actual degradation rates in oil polluted soil prove to reach 26.3%, 39.1%, 25.3%, 31.4% and 36.7% , correspondingly. Thus, sl has been identified as Caulobactier, and s4 and s7 are identified as Pseudomonas while s5, s6 are identified as Micrococcus spp.

关 键 词：应用微生物学 石油降解菌 降解率 柄杆菌属 假单胞菌属 微球菌属 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]