生产工艺过程危险、有害因素辨识方法  

Approach to identifying hazard and detrimental factors in production process

作　　者：胡玢[1] 靳江红[1] 王晓冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市劳动保护科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第1期166-169,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：提出了采用"工艺生产过程危险、有害因素辨识表"来辨识危险、有害因素的方法。该方法基于PHA分析法,可用于安全预评价和现状评价中生产工艺过程危险、有害因素的辨识。文中引用国家标准归纳了危险、有害因素,利用分级赋值法对危险、有害因素进行了半定量分析,从而辨识出评价项目的主要危险、有害因素,提供了一种可进行半定量化计算的危险因素辨识方法。同时,分别示例应用该方法对一个半导体工厂进行安全预评价和对一个危险化学品生产企业进行安全现状评价。采用本方法进行评价的案例评价结果的合理性得到项目评审会专家的认同。该方法简便易行,为危险、有害因素的半定量化计算提供了可行的方法。The present paper is aimed at introducing its newly improved method for facilitating the identification of the detrimental and hazardous factors hidden in the production process based on Preliminary Hazard Analysis （PHA） . The proposed method can be used as a method for identifying hazardous and detrimental factors potentially existing in the production process in pre-evaluation before a production process is going to be put into actual operation or in-situ evaluation, that is, when a production process is under way. While applying this method, it is necessary to make a summary to take all the hazardous and harmful factors, that is, all the factors concerning the production process safety illustrated in the national standards, into full account. And, then, semi-quantitative analysis is to be made involving all the likely hazard by classifying and categorizing them into necessary ranks and types, and finally the main hazards should be identified. At the same time, we have taken a pre-evaluation case of a semiconductor factory and an actuality evaluation case of a dangerous chemistry factory as our research samples respectively. The rationality of the evaluation results with this method in cases has been approved by the experts of appraisal meeting. Thus it proves to be feasible for the semi-quantity of hazard identification.

关 键 词：安全管理工程 危险有害因素辨识 预先危险性分析 安全评价 

分 类 号：X924.3[环境科学与工程—安全科学]