国家优秀女子冬季两项运动员射击训练中相关生理指标变化规律的研究  

The Change Regularity of Related Physiological Indexes of National Excellent Female Biathlon Athletes in Shooting Training

作　　者：刘丰彬[1] 姚鸿恩[2] 段立公[3] 张振民[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学体育学院,石家庄050016 [2]首都体育学院,北京100088 [3]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2008年第1期26-30,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：国家体育总局科研项目(项目编号:04071)

摘　　要：冬季两项是绝对运动的滑雪和相对静止的射击组成的运动项目,与欧美国家相比,我国该项目起步和发展都比较晚,尤其是其中的射击成绩亟待提高。选取备战2006年意大利冬奥会的国家女子冬季两项队6名运动员为研究对象,采用靶场实地人工记录、心率表随时记录和实验室测试的方法对运动员射击训练中的心率、神经机能水平以及射击命中率、射击技术等的情况进行综合分析和评价,并尝试总结其规律性。研究表明,影响冬季两项运动员射击成绩的主要因素为心血管机能水平和神经机能水平。结论:提高我国冬季两项运动员射击训练和比赛成绩,应加强心血管机能水平和神经机能水平的科学合理化监控,还应同时结合其他相关指标进行综合评价。The biathlon is a sport which includes the absolute movement skiing and relative quiescence shooting. Compared with the west countries, this event starts and develops much lately and slowly in China, especially in the shooting performance. The objects of our research are six athletes. They are from the National Women Team of Biathlon which prepare for the Winter Olympic Games in Italy 2006. We take artificial records in shooting range, records by heart rate watch and some experiments were conducted in the lab. We analyzed and estimated aggregately the instances of heart rate, nervous function level, percentage of hits and shooting technique in the training. Moreover, try to summarize the regular patterns. Our study showed that the major influence factors which will affect the shooting performance are heart-blood function level and nervous function level. With the purpose of elevating the shooting per- formanee in training and competition of biathlon athletes, the scientific and rational monitoring should be strengthened in heart-blood function level and nervous function level. Some other correlated indexes can be added to make a comprehensive evaluation.

关 键 词：冬季两项 射击训练 心率 脑电图 

分 类 号：G865[文化科学—体育训练] G804.7[文化科学—体育学]