人工髋关节摩擦学的研究现状  

Research progress in tribology of artificial hip joint

作　　者：史正良[1] 刘金龙[1] 宋明[1] 孟宝星[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学可靠性研究所,江苏省徐州市221008

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2008年第4期731-734,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金项目(50225519);江苏省自然科学基金创新人才项目(BK2005403)~~

摘　　要：学术背景:超高分子量聚乙烯是最常用的髋臼材料,植入人体后,由于交变载荷作用和润滑条件差等原因,易产生较多磨屑,导致人工关节松动。目的:了解关节润滑机制,介绍超高分子量聚乙烯人工髋关节的磨损行为及其抗磨性改善的研究现状,探索科学的人工关节摩擦性能评价方法。检索策略:应用计算机检索2000-01/2007-10相关文献,中文数据库有:中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI),维普中文科技期刊全文数据库,万方数字化期刊库,检索词为"髋关节,超高分子量聚乙烯,摩擦学";外文数据库有:IEEE/IEE Electronic Library,Elsevier电子期刊全文数据库,检索词为"hip simulators,ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene,wear,tribology"。纳入关于关节副的摩擦磨损性能方面的论文,排除重复性研究。文献评价:初检得到729篇文献,阅读标题和进行初筛,排除内容无关或重复者601篇,对剩余128篇进一步分析,最后保留22篇,完全符合纳入标准者进行综述。资料综合:对于超高分子量聚乙烯的研究,主要集中在两个方面,一个是对这种材料的表面改性,另一个是研究其摩擦磨损机制。①研究表明可以通过表面改性来改善超高分子量聚乙烯的磨损性能,如采用离子注入、纳米填充后的超高分子量聚乙烯,抗其磨性和机械性能显著提高。②近年来,对髋关节摩擦学的探索性实验很多,均利用人工关节实验机或传统实验设备评价在不同润滑环境下的摩擦磨损行为,证实在生物关节液中,摩擦副的磨损率较低。结论:对于髋关节材料的研究,国内还停留在利用传统的方法,并不能真实地反映在人体的环境下材料的摩擦磨损性能,所以今后的重点方向是弄清载荷、环境条件与体内人工关节磨损间的相互关系,探索科学的关节副摩擦性能评价方法。BACKGROUND： Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） is widely used as acetabulum. The hip joint will produce lots of grind particles and lead to loosening of artificial joint because of alternating load and bad lubricate condition. OBJECTIVE： To learn about the lubricate mechanism of joint, introduce the present situation on artificial hip joint of UHMWPE including wear behavior and wear resistance properties, and grope for scientific evaluate method of tribological properties in artificial joints. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： The articles published between January 2000 and October 2007 were searched by using computer with the key terms ＂hip joint, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, tribology＂ in CNKI, Weipu Science and Technology Database, Wanfang Database, and its language was limited to Chinese. Meanwhile, the English articles were searched in IEEE/IEE Electronic Library and Elsevier Electronic Journal Database with the key terms ＂hip simulators, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, tribology ＂. Those referring to the friction and wear property of the joints were included, whereas repeated researches were deleted. LITERATURE EVALUATION： Totally 729 articles were received. After the primary screening of the titles and abstracts, 601 repeated or similar researches were excluded, and other 128 articles were adopted for further analysis, finally 22 articles in accordance with the inclusion criteria were included as references. DATA SYNTHESIS： The study about UHMWPE focused two points, one is surface modification, the other is wear and friction mechanism.①The study indicates that wear properties of UHMWPE can be improved by surface modification, such as ion implantation and nanometer padding have a remarkable elevating ability of the wear and mechanical properties.②At recent years, scholars do many basal experiences about the tribology of hip joints, and have approved that wear rate of friction pairs would reduce under biological lubricate condition using artificial joint

关 键 词：髋关节 超高分子量聚乙烯 摩擦学特性 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]