典型草原自然恢复演替过程中植物群落动态变化  

Dynamics of plant community during natural restoration and succession of the Inner Mongolia Steppe

作　　者：邵新庆[1] 王堃[1] 王赟文[1] 刘贵河[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100094

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第2期855-861,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30500354);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2007CB106805)~~

摘　　要：以内蒙古巴林右旗退化典型草原为研究对象,采用空间序列代替时间序列的方法,探讨了在围封去除干扰条件下,退化典型草原自然恢复演替进程。研究结果表明,物种多样性在典型草原群落自然恢复过程中呈波动状变化,最高值出现在第6年,为3.3,随后又呈现下降趋势。丰富度和均匀度与物种多样性指数呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.848和0.912。地上生物量和物种多样性二者之间没有明显的线性关系,其相关系数为0.4813(P>0.05)。在演替的进程中,群落中主要植物种的优势地位发生了明显的替代变化。在恢复演替初期C4植物对地表的覆盖和有机物的输入起关键作用,而C3植物在后期对群落稳定起重要作用。1年生植物在典型草原恢复初期起着非常重要的作用,可覆盖地表,防止水土流失,并为群落输入大量养分,为其他植物定居创造了稳定良好的土壤环境。A field experiment substitute a space series method for a time course method, was conducted in a degraded typical grassland in Balinyou County, Inner Monglia. The objective of the experiment is to reveal the process of natural ecological restoration of grassland after removed human activities by fencing. The results indicated that species diversity dynamically changed during the process, with the highest value of 3.3 at the 6^th year, and declined afterward. Both relationships between species richness and species diversity index and species uniformity and the later were significant （p 〈 0. 05 ） with correlation coefficients of 0. 848 and 0.912 respectively. Instead, the relationship between aboveground biomass and species diversity was not significant with correlation coefficient of 0.4813 （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Through restoration process, the prominent roles of some species in plant community alternatively changed significantly, that C4 species played an important role at the early stage, but C3 species occurred necessarily to stabilize the community at the late stage. Also, the annual species took an important role at early stage of the typical grassland restoration process, such as covering land surface, preventing soil erosion, recycling nutrients into community, and producing a better soil condition for other species surviving.

关 键 词：典型草原 恢复演替 生物多样性 植物群落 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] Q948[农业科学—畜牧学]