大鼠肝门部胆管周围血管丛的形态研究  

Morphological study on peribiliary vascular plexus of hepatic portal bile duct in rat

作　　者：肖敏[1] 董家鸿[1] 张爱群[1] 王燕生[1] 黄志强[1] 王利华 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院全军肝胆外科研究所,北京100853 [2]Washington University School of Medicine

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2008年第3期279-281,共3页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的观察大鼠活体肝门部胆管周围血管丛(PVP)的血管形态、分布、管径、密度、交叉点、交叉角度、流态、灌注等状况,为进一步进行活体肝门部PVP生理病理研究提供实验方法和资料。方法健康SD大鼠40只,随机分为墨水灌注组和空白组,每组20只。空白组经动脉注入吲哚菁绿行胆管组织染色,利用活体荧光显微成像系统进行图像采集,观察肝门部PVP的血管流态、灌注等状况并测量血流速度;墨水灌注组前期处理方法同空白组,并继续向动脉内注入碳素墨水,在激光共聚焦微循环显微镜下观察肝门部PVP的血管形态、分布、管径、密度、交叉点、交叉角度。结果两组均显示大鼠肝门部PVP由3层组成。外层为动脉、静脉主支血管丛,动静脉交叉伴行,三维呈树杈状环绕胆管,血管分支稀疏,走行较直,分布均匀,脉络清爽;由外膜层向上皮层扫描胆管,扫描深度为0~60μm;动静脉血管直径、血流速差异明显。中层为毛细血管前-动脉丛和毛细血管后-静脉丛,三维呈网络状环绕胆管,血管分支众多,走行曲折蜿蜒,分布均匀,脉络密集;扫描深度为40~80μm;毛细血管前后血管丛动静脉血管直径差异不明显,血流速度差异明显。内层为毛细血管丛,呈六边形环状,直径均匀一致。交叉点均为三岔型;扫描深度为70~100μm。墨水灌注组显示血管形态丰满、交叉角度清晰;空白组显示血管流态、灌注状况真实、自然,血管内流动红细胞清晰可辨。结论本实验动物模型可清晰、准确且直观动态地显示出活体大鼠肝门部PVP组织构造和血流动力学特点,为肝移植后胆道并发症、损伤性胆管狭窄、肝管疾病的病因及防治等方面的研究提供了一种直观、快速、可靠的实验方法。Objective To study the morphological structure and the heroodynamics of peribiliary vascular plexus （PVP） of hepatic portal bile duct in rat in vivo, so as to provide an experimental method and accumulate data for further study on the bile duct complications occuring after liver transplantation, operations for bile duct stenosis and other hepatobiliary diseases. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups; the control group and the ink-injection group （n= 20）, mierocireulation laser scan eonfocal microscopy was used to observe the morphological structure and the hemodyruamic features of PVP on rat＇s hepatic portal bile duct after the bile duct was stained with indocyanine green and the hepatic artery was perfused with ink. Results Morphologically it was showed that PVP were comprised of three layers： the spatial structure of PVP appeared dentriform from outer layer to intermediate layer, and then transformed into a network from intermediate layer to inner layer. The outer layer vessels seemed to be dendritic and located within the duetal wall at 0-60μm scanning from the adventitia, and the branches appeared sparse and straight. The diameter of artery and vein was very different. The vessels of intermediate layer showed as an intricate network and located within the ductal wall in the depth of 40- 80μm, and the ranification was rich and tortuous. Inner layer vessels adjacent to the intirna appeared to be a plenus in hexagons with 120° intersect angles and uniform diameter. Hernodynamics showed that the flow rate in the artery was higher than that in the vein of PVP. Conclusion The technique, employing microcirculation laser scan confocalmicroscopy, to observe the morphological structure and the hemodynamic features of PVP, may reveal the morphological structure and heroodynamic features limpidly, both macroscopically and dynamically. It can be used as an important tool for the study of bile duct complications after liver transplantation, bile duct stenosis or other hepatobi

关 键 词：胆管周围血管丛 灌注 形态结构 血流动力学 活体荧光显微镜检术 

分 类 号：R657.3[医药卫生—外科学]