家俱展销厅空气中甲醛和挥发性有机物污染的调查  

Investigation on Indoor Air Pollution Condition of Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds in Furniture Markets

作　　者：李解生[1] 龚德光[2] 李君波[2] 邓暑芳[3] 李梓民[3] 曾怀才[3] 吴成秋[3] 

机构地区：[1]衡阳市疾病预防控制中心,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学 [3]南华大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2008年第1期38-39,共2页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅资助项目(No:B2003-074)

摘　　要：目的了解家俱展销厅室内空气中甲醛和挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染状况、影响因素和对从业人员健康的影响。方法随机选择某市25家家俱展销厅和10家食品超市,分别对其室内空气中甲醛、VOCs和相关影响因素进行监测,并对其从业人员的不良建筑物综合症进行问卷调查。结果家俱销售厅室内空气中甲醛和VOCs的平均浓度分别为0.170mg/m3和1.01mg/m3,为《室内空气质量标准》的1.7倍和1.68倍,达标率分别为20%和24%。甲醛和VOCs的浓度与展销厅中的温度和湿度呈正相关,与风速呈负相关。甲醛和VOCs含量均较食品超市空气中的含量高(P<0.05),家俱销售人员的不良建筑物综合症发生率高于食品超市营业员(P<0.05)。结论家俱销售厅室内空气中甲醛、VOCs等污染严重,并对家俱销售人员的健康造成一定的危害,其污染程度受室内温度、湿度、通风状况和家俱使用材料类型的影响。Objective To explore the indoor air pollution condition of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds （VOCs）, the affecting factors and the influences on employees＇ health in furniture markets, and to offer the corresponding preventive measures. Methods Twenty - five furniture markets and 10 provision supermarkets were randomly selected in X City to measure the concentration of formaldehyde and VOCs in indoor air. The affecting factors were monitored and the incidence rate of sick building syndrome （SBS） of the employees was also investigated by questionnaires. Results The average concentrations of formaldehyde and VOCs in indoor air of the furniture markets were 0.17 and 1.01 mg/m^3 respectively, which were 1.7 times and 1.68 times as high as the indoor air hygiene standard, and the qualified rate was only 20 % and 24% respectively. There was a positive correlation between the concentrations of formaldehyde and VOCs with temperature and humidity, while there was a negative correlation between them with wind velocity. The indoor air quality was significant different between the furniture markets and the provision supermarkets （P〈 0.05）. The incidence rate of SBS of the employees in furniture markets was higher than that of the provision supermarkets （P〈 0.05）. Conclusions The indoor air pollution of formaldehyde and VOCs in furniture markets is very serious, and it may hazard the employees＇ health. The pollution degree is influenced by the indoors＇ temperature, humidity, ventilated condition, and the material category of furniture.

关 键 词：家俱展销厅 甲醛 挥发性有机化合物 影响因素 不良建筑物综合症 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]