美国技能短缺治理及对中国的借鉴  

The Governance of Skill Shortage in US and its Implications for China

作　　者：杨伟国[1] 代懋[2] 王婧[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院院长助理 [2]中国人民大学中国就业研究所

出　　处：《中国人口科学》2008年第1期74-82,共9页Chinese Journal of Population Science

基　　金：2005年国家社科基金项目(05BJY030)“技术工人短缺与技能人才激励关系研究”;2006年教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET)”资助

摘　　要：20世纪90年代之后,美国的技能短缺问题逐渐凸现出来,严重制约其经济发展,引起了学术界和政府的普遍关注。近年来,美国在应对技能短缺的问题上,取得了一定的效果,积累了大量富有价值的实践经验,对研究中国解决技能短缺问题对策的选择具有重要的借鉴意义。文章将在描述美国近年来技能短缺现状和成因的基础上,探讨其采取的应对措施,以期为研究中国的技能短缺问题提供有益的参考。Skill shortage has become evident and been a great constraint to the economic growth in the USA since the 1990s,and therefore has drawn attention of the academic and policy circles.The United States has already accumulated extensive literature and practical experiences on the issue,which have important implications for China.This paper describes the recent situation of the skill shortage in the USA,summarizes relevant literature,discusses the causes of skill shortage,introduces the measures that were particularly taken for solving this problem by the government,the Labor Union and the employers,and then provides suggestions for China in dealing with this problem in the light of USA’s practice.

关 键 词：技能短缺 美国 治理 借鉴 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]