中国主要棉花栽培群体的遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Some Main Cultivated Cotton Populations in China

作　　者：姜伟[1] 何觉民[1] 陆建农[1] 钟孝威[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学农业生物技术研究所,湛江524088

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2008年第1期127-133,共7页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：广东省科技攻关项目(No.2005B26001083)资助

摘　　要：利用ISSR分子标记对我国棉花栽培品种中的38个陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum)和6个海岛棉(Gossypium bar-badense)共44个品种(按来源划分为6个品种群,6个海岛棉品种均属于新疆品种群体)进行遗传多样性分析表明,筛选出的11个引物在所有品种中共扩增出90条带,其中70条为多态性条带,多态性条带百分率(PPB)达77.78%,Popgene32软件分析结果表明,新疆品种群的遗传多样性水平最高[PPB=91.43%,H(基因多样性指数)=0.3769,I(信息指数)=0.5464],其次是中棉所品种群,河南品种群排位第三,而河北、山东和山西3个品种群体的遗传多样性水平相差较小,其中山西品种群遗传多样性水平最低(PPB=58.57%,H=0.2484,I=0.3587)。6个地方棉花栽培群体在总的遗传变异中有82.42%存在于群体内,群体间的遗传变异仅占总变异的17.58%,群体间分化系数Gst=0.1759,群体间总的基因流的估算值Nm=2.34。聚类分析结果表明,山西、山东和河北品种群体的亲缘关系最近,先聚合在一起,然后依次与河南和中棉所品种群体聚类,最后与亲缘关系最远的新疆品种群体聚合。Genetic diversity of 44 cotton varieties（including 38 Gossypium hirsutum and 6 Gossypium barbadense ） divided into 6 populations, were analyzed by inter simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers according to their different origins. Eleven among 60 ISSR primers were chosen for their strong reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 90 fragments were amplified, in which the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB） was up to 77.78%. Popgene32 analysis indicated that genetic diversity of Xinjiang population（6 G. barbadense belonged to this population） was the highest [PPB = 91.43%, H （Nei＇s gene diversity index） = 0.3769, I （Shannon＇s information index）= 0.5464], then the CCRI （Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences） population and Henan population followed it. However, there was no significant difference of genetic diversity among Shandong, Shanxi and Hebei populations, and the lowest genetic diversity was Shanxi population （PPB = 58.57%, H = 0.2484, I = 0.3587）. Nei＇s total genetic diversity index indicated that 82.42%of variation was within populations while 17.58% was among populations; the gene differentiation （Gst） among populations was 0.1759, and the total gene flow （Nm） was 2.34. UPGMA （unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages） cluster analysis indicated that the relationship among Shanxi,Shandong and Hebei populations was nearest and gathered together first, then clustered with CCRI and Henan population. And last clustered with Xinjiang populations whose relationship was the furthest.

关 键 词：群体 遗传多样性 Nei's指数 遗传分化 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]